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Chapter 10 Vocab
APUSH
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Industrial revolution | between 1790-1860, as merchant and manufacturers reorganized work routines, built factories, and exploited a wide range of natural resources |
| Commonwealth System | 1820, where state governments aided private businesses whose projects would improve welfare |
| Division of Labor | system of manufacture that divides production into a series of distinct and repetitive tasks performed by machines or workers, destroyed the businesses of artisans in 1820’s and 1830’s |
| mechanics | skilled craftsmen who invented and improved tools for the industry |
| Waltham-Lowell System | labor system using young women from farm families to work in factories in Lowell, Chicopee, and elsewhere in MA and NH, the women lived in boarding houses with strict rules and attended church |
| labor theory of value | belief that human labor produces economic value, argued that prices f products should not be based of the market but instead by the amount of work it requires to make it, most of the price should be paid to the producer of the product |
| Erie Canal | financed by NY in 1817, a 164-mile waterway connection the Hudson River and Lake Erie, brought prosperity to Great Lakes Region, led to more canals |
| middle class | prosperous farmers, artisans (lawyers, contractors, ect.), and traders, manufactures, a result of increased commerce |
| Self-made man | celebrated men who rose to wealth and social prominence from humble/poor origins through discipline, work, and habits |
| Benevolent Empire | Congregational/Presbyterian ministers worked to reduce the causes of poverty to benefit the middle class in the 1820’s and 1830’s |
| Sabbatarian Values | movement to preserve the Sabbath, led by Lyman Beecher and the General Union for Promotion the Observance of the Christian Sabbath |
| American Temperance Society | society invigorated by evangelical protestants an 1832 that set out to curb the consumption of alcoholic beverages |
| Mineral-based economy | emerged in the 1830's, based on coal and metal, as manufacturers increasingly ran machinery fashioned from metal with coal-burning stationary steam engines rather than with water power |
| machine tools | machines that made parts for other machines, aided industrialization |
| artisan republican | ideology of production based off of liberty and equality, celebrated small town producers |
| unions | organizations of workers that begun during the industrial revolution to bargin with employers over wages, hours, benefits, and control over the workplace |
| Market revolution | 1820-1850 , the increase in the exchange of goods and services in market transactions, result of increased output of farms and factories, entrepreneurial activities of traders and merchants and transportation network |
| moral free agents | doctrine of free will, message of Charles Grandison Finney, attractive to the middle class who were assured heaven was within their grasp |
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kmrkarlie
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