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Chapter 2
Settling the West Study Guide
| Terms | 5W's and How |
|---|---|
| Virginia City | Who: prospectors settled here for the rich deposits of silver What: a boomtown that was known for its silver deposits When: 1859 Where: near Carson City, Nevada Why: silver deposits How: prospectors came rushing in from the east to settle there |
| Wounded Knee | Who: Lakota Indians battled against white settlers for their land What: 200 Lakota men, women, and children died When: December 29, 1890 Where: Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota Why: the performance of the Ghost Dance How: exchange of gunfire |
| Prospectors | Who: explorers for mineral deposits What: mined for gold and silver When: throughout 1800s Where: western US; Sutter's Mill, Leadville, Virginia City Why: believed in getting rich quick How: placer/quartz/hydraulic mining |
| Open range | Who: ranchers What: vast area of grassland that government owned When: 1860s Where: Great Plains Why: ranchers could graze herds for free How: government gave the land to ranchers in exchange for improvement |
| Colonel John Chivington | Who: colonel of the Colorado Volunteers What: attacked Black Kettle's Camp When: 1864 Where: Sand Creek, Colorado Why: debated but US troops fired unsuspectingly on Native Americans How: US troops fired unsuspectingly on Native Americans |
| Leadville | Who: prospectors settled here for the rich deposits of silver What: a boomtown that was known for its silver deposits When: 1870s Where: Leadville, Colorado near Denver Why: silver deposits How: prospectors came rushing from the east to settle there |
| 1890 census | Who: Great Plains settlers What: census bureau reported no longer a true frontier existed When: 1890 Where: Great Plains Why: the settling of the Great Plains/boomtowns for farms and mining How: railroads, wells, and farms |
| Pike's Peak | Who: prospectors settled here for gold and silver What: a boomtown known for gold and silver deposits When: 1858 Where: Colorado near Pike's Peak Why: gold and silver deposits How: prospectors rushed to settle from the east |
| Native American citizenship | Who: congress What: Citizenship Act When: 1924 Where: Native American reservations Why: gave Native Americans control over land and elect own governments How: congress passed Citizenship and Indian Recognition Act |
| The Great Plains boundaries | Who: settlers and prospectors from east What: west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains When: settled during 1800s Where: western US; Colorado, Dakotas, Nebraska, etc. Why: free land from government with fee How: railroads, etc |
| Henry Comstock | Who: prospector; panned/mined for gold What: staked claim near Virginia City, Nevada When: 1859 Where: near Virginia City, Nevada Why: silver deposits How: claiming the land was his |
| Lakota Sioux | Who: Native Americans of the Dakotas What: defended their land from white settlers When: 1870s Where: Dakotas Why: didn't want to lose their native land How: battles; Wounded Knee, Little Bighorn |
| Vaqueros | Who: Spanish word for cowboys What: ranchers When: 1870s-1880s Where: Great Plains Why: excellent longhorn ranchers How: shared techniques for managing cattle |
| Placer/quartz/hydraulic mining | Who: prospectors used methods What: placer-manual, quartz-mine shafts, hydraulic-high pressure water When: 1800s Where: boomtowns or deposit sites Why: efficient ways of mining; hydraulic How: new mining technology helped increase mining productivity |
| Vigilance committees | Who: volunteers What: self appointed citizens who tracked down/punish wrongdoers When: 1860s Where: boomtowns Why: prospectors fought over claims How: responded with own form of justice/most respect law with fair trial |
| "rain follows the plow" | Who: government What: propaganda for settling west When: 1800s Where: eastern cities Why: increase settlement of the west; to make the Great Plains sound prosperous How: government issuing propaganda throughout the eastern states |
| Little Crow | Who: leader of the Dakota Sioux tribe What: led the Dakota people in an uprising over unpaid annuities When: 1862 Where: Minnesota Why: conflict over unpaid annuities How: launching a rebellion that killed hundreds of settlers |
| Treaties/Native Americans/U.S. Government | Who: congress between US/Native Americans What: Fort Laramie Treaties; Treaty of Medicine Lodge; Skeleton Canyon When: 1851, 1868; 1867, 1886 Where: Ft. Laramie, Medicine Lodge, Skeleton Canyon Why: protect Native Americans from white settlers How: |
| Indian Peace Commission | Who:congress; for Sioux and other Native American tribes What: proposed creating two large reservations on the Great Plains When: 1867 Where: Great Plains Why: segregate Native Americans How: ensuring through federal agents and the army |
| Long drive | Who: ranchers What: moved herds to market selling points When: 1860s Where: Great Plains Why: sell herds for money How: driving cattle on horseback through Plains |
| Effects of barbed wire | Who: settlers erected them for boundaries What: blocked cattle trails When: soon after long drives late 1860s-1870s Where: Great Plains Why: protect territory How: erecting it along perimeters of propety |
| Assimilation | Who: white settlers What: wanted Native Americans to enter the American society When: 1880s Where: Great Plains Why: another way to remove Native Americans from territory How: congress passed Dawes Act |
| Railroads & settlement on the Great Plains | Who: white settlers What: increased settlement of Great Plains When: 1800s Where: Great Plains Why: increase settlement of the Great Plains How: sold land along rail lines to settlers for cheap prices |
| Great Plains/wheat | Who: white settlers What: dry farming; steel plows, threshing machines, seed drills, and reapers When: 1860s Where: Great Plains Why: increased productivity throughout Great Plains How: dry farming practices; planting seeds deep in ground for water |
| Native Americans/buffalo | Who: Native Americans What: hunt buffalo for food and other items; clothing, etc. When: 1800s Where: Great Plains Why: food and resource source How: Native American hunting methods |
| George Custer | Who: Lieutenant Colonel for the Seventh Cavalry What: attacked the Lakota and Cheyenne tribes When: 1876 Where: near Bighorn mountains in Montana Why: acted on his own initiative How: surprise attack |
| List 5 Hardships endured by Great Plains settlers | -no trees -lack of water without wells -blizzards/extreme cold -swarms of insects affected crops -prairie fires |
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JDman4650
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