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Mrs. L Unit 1 BIO
Unit 1 BIO TEST
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| explain why it is important to test a hypothesis in science? | To see if the results of the hypothesis makes the hypothesis true. |
| What is the definition of science? | An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about our natural world. |
| How is a hypothesis different than a theory? | A hypothesis is just and idea and has not been tested, a theory has been tested many times with results being the same |
| How does an independent variable affect a controlled experiment? | Only one Independent Variable (I can change) is changed so a scientist knows what caused a change if there was one. |
| How does a dependent variable affect a controlled experiment? | When an independent variable causes a change in the results, this change is called the dependent variable. |
| Why is it important for a scientist to be curious (wonder about something or have questions)? | In order to make a hypothesis a scientist must wonder about things and have questions about it. |
| What would be the independent variable in a paper airplane throwing contest? Why? | The Independent variable would be the thickness of the paper used to make the airplane. The weight of the paper will affect the distance the airplane will fly. |
| Why is a peer review important to a scientist? | To make sure there are no mistakes, claims that are not true, or unfair testing. |
| While doing a peer review, a scientist is skeptic about what he is reading. What is he thinking? | He is questioning whether or not the hypothesis is true. He doesn't believe that the end result is correct. |
| What is homeostasis? | When a living thing (a person) keeps itself healthy and stable when something from their environment (a virus) changes. |
| What is something our body does to maintain homeostasis? | When it is cold outside, our body will react and produce more heat to help keep our body temperature at a healthy temperature of 98.6 . |
| What is data? | Information learned from by performing an experiment and observing the results. |
| What is quantitative data? | Information that can be measured or written in numbers |
| What is qualitative data? | Information you get by using your five senses. Things you see, smell, hear, taste, touch. |
| What is a hypothesis? | an IF and Then statement about science. ( Ex. If I drop this egg on to the carpet then it will break. Ex. If I turn on the faucet then water will flow out) |
| What would be a hypothesis for a plant growing experiment when the amount of light is the independent variable? | If I put the plant on the window sill then it will grow faster than the plant not on the window sill. |
| If you do an experiment and it SUPPORTS the hypothesis , what needs to be done before this hypothesis can become a theory? | It needs to be tested many times by other scientists and still get the same results. |
| How is the common DNA among all living things related to the idea of evolution? | Through generations, living things have adapted to changes in their environments (evolve). |
| Are scientific theories considered to be facts or the absolute truth? | Fact. If an experiment gets the same results then it is a fact that the results are the same. |
| Why does an organism need to be able to respond to a stimulus in its environment? | To maintain homeostasis (be stable and healthy) |
| How does an earthworm (organism) respond to rain (stimulus)? | They come out of the ground |
| A "tree of life" showing that all organisms came from a common ancestor (or relative) is what biology idea? | evolution |
| What particles make up a carbon atom | protons, neutrons, electrons |
| where are electrons found in an atom? | outside of the nucleus in a area called the electron cloud |
| what atoms make up a water molecule and how many of each? | Hydrogen--H--2 and Oxygen----O--1 = H2O (Micky Mouse) |
| What is a COvalent bond? | atoms that SHARE electrons with each other like a COuple |
| How does a water meniscus form in a graduated cylinder? | cohesion causes the water molecules to stick together accept the water close to the glass sides. This is where adhesion pulls the water molecules to the glass creating a curve. |
| Why is water a polar molecule? | The uneven distribution of the electrons between the hydrogen and the oxygen. oxygen has the negative charge and hydrogens have the positive charge. (Mickey Mouse ears +++ ) |
| What is a solution? | the mixture you get when you combine different things and they are evenly distributed (pitcher of red kool-aid) |
| What is a solutE? | A substance that gets dissolved. (Kool-Aid powder) |
| What is a solVent | The substance that a solute gets mixed with (usually water) |
| What are acids? | Anything that has below a 7 on the pH scale |
| What are bases? | Anything that has above a 7 on the pH scale. |
| What is the chemical difference between an acid and a base? | Acids contain Hydrogen ions (H+) and bases contain Hydroxide ions (OH-). |
| Why is carbon special in the kind and number of bonds it can make? | Carbon can form so many different compounds because it can form 4 single covalent bonds. |
| what is the structure of an amino acid? | it has a two-carbon bond. One of the carbons is part of the carboxyl group which has one Carbon and two Oxygen atoms. |
| What monomer makes up a protein? | an amino acid |
| What monomer makes up a carbohydrate? | a monosaccharide such as glucose |
| What monomer makes up a nucleic acid? | A nucleotide |
| What are the functions of proteins? | 1. controls the rate of chemical reactions 2. regulates cell processes 3. Forms cell structures 4. transports substances into or out of cells 5. Help fight disease |
| What happens to atoms during a chemical reaction? | bonds between atoms in reactants are broken, and atoms rearrange and form new bonds to make the products. |
| How are reactants different than products? | The reactants are molecules/compounds that go into chemical reactions and products are what are created by the chemical reaction. |
| What is the activation energy in chemical reactions? | the least amount of energy required to activate atoms or molecules to a state in which they can go through a chemical reaction. |
| What is enzyme structure and function? | Enzymes are catalysts for chemical reactions . They speed up reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway of lower activation energy. |
| What is a catalyst? | a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction. |
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