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Chapter 5 Harcourt
Social Studies - Fifth Grade Holy Trinity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In 1628, what settlers came to New England to practice their religious beliefs | The Puritans |
| Why were they called "Puritans"? | Because they wanted to make the Church of England more pure. |
| What city did the Puritans build on Massachusetts Bay? | Salem |
| In 1630, who led a 2nd group of Puritans to settle the Massachusetts Bay Colony? | John Winthrop |
| Winthrop built a city named ______________ to be an example of Christian living. | Boston |
| John Winthrop was elected __________________ of Massachusetts in 1630 and had strict control of the colony, not welcoming people who had different beliefs than their own. | Governor |
| These two disagreed with the Massachusetts Bay Colony leaders. | Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson |
| Roger Williams believed the _____________ should be separate from the colony govt. | Puritan Church |
| Anne Hutchinson questioned the ________________________. | Teachings of the Church |
| In 1635, after Roger Williams was forced to leave the Mass. Bay Colony, Williams and Hutchinson joined a new settlement called ____________________ | Rhode Island |
| Colonists and Indians in New England fought over land in 1675 in a war called ______________________ | King Philip's War |
| If a Puritan did not attend church on Sunday they were _____________________. | Punished. |
| Puritans believed that schools were important and in 1636 they founded ___________________. | Harvard College |
| While women cooked the food, men __________ and _____________ | Farmed and Hunted |
| Why was farming so difficult in New England? | The soil in New England was poor, and the weather was bad. |
| Important industries in New England were: | Fishing, Ship building and hunting whales |
| New England colonies could only import or export goods from other colonies or ___________ | England |
| In the 1700s, what trade routes did the colonists follow? | Triangular Trade Routes |
| Part of the trade routes brought slaves from Africa. Their journey was called __________ | The Middle Passage |
| Who broke off from the Puritans to create a new colony called "Connecticut" in 1636? | Thomas Hooker |
| What Indian War took place in Connecticut between 1634 and 1638? | Pequot War |
| In 1647, who became the governor of New Netherland? | Peter Stuyvesant |
| The brother of King Charles I, the Duke of ______ was told he could have New Netherland if he could defeat it. | York |
| After Stuyvesant surrendered without a fight, what two colonies was New Netherland divided into? | New York and New Jersey |
| Who did the Duke of York give control of New Jersey to? | John Berkley and George Corlet |
| What were most of the early settlers of New Jersey known as? | Quakers |
| King Charles II owed money to whose father that he repaid by giving a charter to start a colony? | William Penn |
| After William Penn became the owner of the new colony he called it ____________ | Pennsylvania |
| William Penn was also proprietor of the ___________ colony | Delaware |
| How did William Penn get along with the Indians? | He wanted to live peacefully and treated the Indians fairly. |
| A new religious movement in the colonies where everybody was welcome and church membership grew was called _____________ | The Great Awakening |
| Because they had fertile soil and a climate good for crops, the Middle Colonies were also known as __________________ | The Breadbasket Colonies |
| What were the main crops of the Middle Colonies? | Wheat, Corn and rye |
| Important port cities for shipping goods from the colonies to England included ____________ and ___________________. | Philadelphia and New York City |
| Workers who borrowed money to come to America had to pay their debt off by working as _______________________ | Indentured Servants |
| What do you call a young person learning a trade from a master artisan? | An Apprentice |
| What wealthy English family founded the Maryland colony? | The Calverts |
| What religion did the Calverts practice? | Catholic |
| Who was the owner of the Maryland colony? | Lord Baltimore |
| What was Maryland's first settlement? | St. Mary's city |
| How were Maryland and Virginia alike? | Shared location next to Chesapeake Bay, Similar climate, tobacco grew well, both had governors and assemblies |
| How were Maryland and Virginia different? | King controlled VA while the Calverts controlled Maryland, Maryland welcomed many different religions. |
| How many leaders was Carolina divided between? | 8 leaders called the Lords Proprietors |
| In 1712 the Lords Proprietors split Carolina into two colonies called _________ and __________. | North and South Carolina |
| What different crops did each Carolina colony grow? | North grew tobacco and corn, South grew rice |
| Whose idea was it to start a colony where debtors could settle lands? | James Oglethorpe |
| King George gave him the charter to form what colony? | Georgia |
| In 1733, the 1st settlers arrived and founded what city? | Savannah |
| Why was the Piedmont called the Backcountry? | Because it was "in back of" the area settled by the Europeans |
| What trail did most have to follow to get to the Piedmont (Backcountry) | A Native American trail called the Great Wagon Road |
| What happened when the colonists in the South moved into lands claimed by Native Americans? | Conflicts arose, many Indians died in war, were enslaved by the colonists, or died from diseases. |
| Who brought slaves to work in the English colonies? | Traders from Europe and the West Indies |
| When did slavery become legal in all 13 colonies? | Mid 1700s |
| Where did most enslaved Africans work in the Southern colonies | Plantations |
| How were the slaves treated in the Southern colonies? | Some were beaten and abused, laws didn't protect them, they couldn't carry weapons, most weren't allowed to read and write. |
| Which slave attended school in England and wrote about his life as an enslaved person? | Olaudah Equiano |
| Where were the 1st plantations built? | By the Coastal Plain |
| What was the owner of a plantation called? | The Planter |
| Where did most colonists live and work? | On small farms |
| Did most farmers have enslaved workers? | No |
| What was the South's 1st college? | William and Mary |
| What was the main cash crop of Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina? | Tobacco |
| Since the climate in Georgia and South Carolina was too wet and warm, what did they grow? | Rice |
| What did a young girl named Eliza Lucas Pinckney develop from seeds she got from the West Indies? | Indigo |
| Where was Indigo a major cash crop? | South Carolina |
| Why were cities like Baltimore, Charles Town and Savannah important to the South? | They were port cities, and centers for trade |
| Who were the people who took crops to the market to sell and bought the goods the planters wanted? | Brokers |
| What are Naval Stores? | Products used to make and repair ships. They include pine, tar, turpentine, and pitch. |
| What Southern city became a major center for shipbuilding? | Baltimore |
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