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Unit 3 Review Guide
US History 11th Grade Unit 3 Test Review Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Virginia Plan Proposed how many houses for Congress? | 2 - bicameral |
| The Virginia Plan What was representation in Congress based on? | State Population |
| The Virginia Plan Who did the plan favor? | States with Large Populations |
| The New Jersey Plan Proposed how many houses for Congress? | 1 - unicameral |
| The New Jersey Plan What was representation in Congress based on? | Equal Representation |
| The New Jersey Plan Who did the plan favor? | States with Smaller Populations |
| The Great Compromise Plan Proposed how many houses for Congress? | 2 - bicameral Senate and a House of Representatives |
| The Great Compromise Plan What was representation in Congress based on? | Senate - gave equal representation to all states House of Representatives - gave representation based on population |
| The Great Compromise Plan Who did the plan favor? | All States |
| Federalists Who was their leader? | Alexander Hamilton |
| Federalists What types of people generally made up this group? | Merchants, Bankers, Lawyers |
| Federalists What did they stand for and why? | Ratification of the Constitution because it allowed the government to regulate trade; stated it would create a federal system; power would be divided between central and state governments |
| Antifederalists Who was their leader? | Thomas Jefferson |
| Antifederalists What types of people generally made up this group? | Farmers, Plantation Owners, mainly Southerners |
| Antifederalists What did they stand for and why? | Did not want ratification of the Constitution because it did not have a Bill of Rights and they believed it would trample the rights of the people |
| Executive/Legislative/Judicial - Choose the right branch Appoint Judges | Executive |
| Executive/Legislative/Judicial - Choose the right branch Overturn Laws | Judicial |
| Executive/Legislative/Judicial - Choose the right branch Make Laws | Legislative |
| Executive/Legislative/Judicial - Choose the right branch Veto | Executive |
| Executive/Legislative/Judicial - Choose the right branch Override Veto | Legislative |
| Executive/Legislative/Judicial - Choose the right branch Impeach | Legislative |
| Executive/Legislative/Judicial - Choose the right branch Enforce Laws | Executive |
| Executive/Legislative/Judicial - Choose the right branch Confirm Appointments | Legislative |
| Executive/Legislative/Judicial - Choose the right branch Declare War | Legislative |
| Executive/Legislative/Judicial - Choose the right branch Interpret Laws | Judicial |
| Numbers Game Length of a term for a Representative | 2 years |
| Numbers Game Length of a term for a President | 4 years (maximum of 2 terms or 10 years) |
| Numbers Game Length of a term for a Senator | 6 years |
| Numbers Game Length of a term for a Judge | Life |
| Numbers Game List the number of Members in the House of Representatives | 435 members |
| Numbers Game List the number of Members in the Senate | 100 members |
| Numbers Game List the number of Members in the Supreme Court | 9 members |
| Numbers Game List the number of electoral votes total in the US | 538 Total Electoral Votes |
| Numbers Game List the number of electoral votes given to Washington DC | 3 Electoral Votes |
| Numbers Game List the number of electoral votes needed to become President | 270 Electoral Votes |
| Numbers Game List the number of electoral votes given to Georgia | 16 Electoral Votes |
| What document setup the first American Government? | The Articles of Confederation |
| List 3 ways our first government differed from the government we have now. | Could not tax Could not regulate trade within the US Could not enforce treaties or respond to crisis |
| Why did the United States initially want to create a federal government that was so weak? | After dealing with Britain, they were afraid of a strong national government. They wanted the power in the hands of the colonies, so it made sense to have strong state government and a weak federal government. |
| What were the 2 most important things the Articles of Confederation did NOT give the federal government the power to do? | Tax because then there was no revenue. Could not enforce treaties. |
| What was the main purpose behind the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? | To provide a basis of governing and a process for statehood within the new territories of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. It helped establish a way for America to expand westward. |
| Define sectionalism | Putting regional interests above the interests of the country. |
| Why were the Articles of Confederation so difficult to amend (change)? | Because it required a unanimous vote by state legislature for amendments. |
| What major event in Massachusetts led a call for change of our first government? | Shay's Rebellion (Daniel Shays and a gang of farmers led a rebellion because they could non longer make their mortgage payments) |
| What was the original purpose of the delegates who met in Philadelphia in 1787? | To revise the Articles of Confederation |
| Who presides over (leads) the Constitutional Convention, and who does most of the actual writing of our Constitution? | George Washington was the presiding officer. James Madison (AKA: Father of the Constitution) wrote most of our Constitution. |
| Why would the framers of the Constitution want to keep these meetings secret to the public? | So the information discussed was private and opinions could be stated honestly without the influence of the public. |
| What was the purpose of the 3/5 Compromise? | Southerners wanted slaves to be counted in the population census so they had more representation. The Northerners did not since slaves could not vote. The compromise was that slaves would count as 3/5 of a person in the population census. |
| How many states had to ratify (approve) the Constitution for it to go into effect? | 9 out of 13 |
| What did the Federalists put together to spread throughout the states to encourage people to ratify the Constitution? Does this work? | The Federalist Papers (85 essays) written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay under aliases. Yes, they helped define the Constitution and make it better. |
| What is immediately added to the Constitution once it is ratified? | Bill of Rights (wanted by the Antifederalists led by Thomas Jefferson) |
| How does the United States elect its President? | The popular vote within each state determines which candidate receives the state's electoral vote. The candidate who receives the majority of the electoral votes (270) becomes President. |
| How do we determine the number of electoral votes each state gets? | The number of electoral votes is determined by the number of Representatives and Senators a State has which is determined by a state's population. |
| What are Enumerated Powers? | Powers of the Federal Government are Enumerated Powers. These are powers that the states do not have. Such as the power to print money, establish a Post Office, declare war, maintain armed forces, admit new states, & establish foreign policy. |
| What are Reserved Powers? | Powers of the State Government are Reserved Powers. These are things the Federal Government cannot do such as establishing/maintaining schools & local governments, regulating business within the state, making marriage laws, & provide for public safety. |
| What are Concurrent Powers? | Powers that both Federal & State Governments have. Such as borrowing money, levying taxes, chartering banks, establishing courts, maintaining law & order, and providing for public welfare. |
| What is the purpose of the Elastic Clause? | It states that the Congress has the right to make all laws "necessary & proper". Its purpose is to provide Congress with the means of passing laws that are in the best interest of the US, but it gives Congress some influence over the other branches. |
| What does the Supremacy Clause state? | That the Constitution is the supreme law of the land. |
| Define the purpose of "separation of powers" and the system of "checks and balances". | The separation of powers means that no one branch of government has more power that the other two. This is called a system of checks and balances. It keeps all three branches equal in their power. |
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