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Sociology 1
Sociology Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Society | The aggregate of people living together in a more or less organized community |
Sociological perspective | The study of human life and social interactions and how these interactions shape society |
Functionalist perspective | Society is a system of interconnected parts that work together in harmony to maintain a state of balance for the whole |
Conflict perspective | Society is a struggle for power between groups competing for limited resources |
Interactionist perspective | Social processes (conflict, cooperation, identity) form from human interaction |
Qualitative research | Exploratory research; gains understanding of underlying reasons, opinions or motivations |
Quantitative research | Way of generating numerical data; measurable data to formulate facts and uncover patterns |
Hypothesis | A starting point of an investigation; a supposition or proposed investigation |
Variable | A feature or factor that is liable to vary or change. Independent variable = the variable that doesn't change. Dependent variable = what you measure |
Correlation | Describes the degree of relationship between two variables |
Causation | The relationship between cause and effect |
Material culture | The physical evidence of a culture; the objects and architecture they make |
Nonmaterial culture | Social roles, rules, ethics, and beliefs; the abstract ideas that are not embodied in physical objects |
Norms | Cultural products which represent individual's basic knowledge of what others do and what they think they should do |
Values | A person's principles of standards of behavior |