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chapter 4
| Term | Meaning | Word |
|---|---|---|
| cib/o | meals | |
| cis/o | to cut | |
| cost/o | rib | costochondritis-An inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the breastbone. |
| cutane/o | skin | cutaneous-of, relating to, or affecting the skin. |
| dactyl/o | fingers, toes | dactylospasm-Spasmodic contraction of the fingers or toes |
| duct/o | to lead, carry | ductogram-is a special type of contrast enhanced mammography used for imaging the breast ducts |
| flex/o | to blend | flexible-capable of bending easily without breaking. |
| furc/o | forking, branching | |
| gloss/o | tongue | glossophobia-or speech anxiety is the fear of public speaking or of speaking in general |
| glyc/o | sugar | glycolysis-the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid. |
| immun/o | protection | immune system-attacks organisms and substances that invade body systems and cause disease |
| morph/o | shape, form | Morphology- is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. |
| mort/o | death | morton neuroma-A thickening of the tissue around a nerve leading to the toes. |
| nat/i | birth | native-a person born in a specified place or associated with a place by birth, whether subsequently resident there or not |
| nect/o | to bind, tie, connect | nectobenthos- Organisms typically associated with the benthos that swim actively in the water column at certain periods |
| norm/o | rule. order | normocephalic-is a medical term referring to a person whose head and all major organs of the head are in a normal condition and without significant abnormalities. |
| ox/o | oxygen | oxoproline-is an uncommon and little studied amino acid derivative in which the free amino group of glutamic acid or glutamine cyclizes to form a lactam. |
| pub/o | pubis | pubococcygeus-muscle or PC muscle is a hammock-like muscle, found in both sexes, that stretches from the pubic bone to the coccyx (tail bone) forming the floor of the pelvic cavity and supporting the pelvic organs |
| seps/o | infection | sepsis-A life-threatening complication of an infection. |
| somn/o | sleep | somnolent-sleepy |
| son/o | sound | sonorous-capable of producing a deep or ringing sound |
| the/o | to put, place | theophylline-a bitter crystalline compound present in small quantities in tea leaves, isomeric with theobromine. |
| thel/o, theli/o | nipple | mesothelioma-a usually malignant tumor derived from mesothelial tissue |
| thyr/o | thyroid gland | thyroxine-the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland, acting to increase metabolic rate and so regulating growth and development |
| top/o | place, position, location | topography-the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area. |
| tox/o | poison | toxin-an antigenic poison or venom of plant or animal origin, especially one produced by or derived from microorganisms and causing disease when present at low concentration in the body. |
| trache/o | windpipe, trachea | tracheomalacia-is a condition characterized by flaccidity of the tracheal support cartilage which leads to tracheal collapse especially when increased airflow is demanded. |
| urethr/o | urethra | urethrocele- is a problem with the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body |
| -blast | embroyonic, immature | erythroblastosis-he abnormal presence of erythroblasts in the blood. |
| -crine | to secrete | endocrinologist- is a doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of children with diseases of the endocrine system, such as diabetes and growth disorders |
| -drome | to run | marfan syndrome- inherited connective tissue disorder marked by a tall, thin body type with long, "spidery" fingers and toes |
| -fusion | coming together, to pour | |
| -gen | substance that produces | gentamicin-injection is used to treat serious bacterial infections in many different parts of the body |
| -lapse | to slide, fall.sag | rectal prolapse-A condition that occurs when part of the large intestine slips outside the anus |
| -lysis | breakdown, destruction, seperation | paralysis-the loss of the ability to move (and sometimes to feel anything) in part or most of the body, typically as a result of illness, poison, or injury |
| -meter | to measure | diameter-a straight line passing from side to side through the center of a body or figure, especially a circle or sphere |
| -mission | to send | remission-a diminution of the seriousness or intensity of disease or pain |
| -or | one who | abductor-a muscle whose contraction moves a limb or part away from the midline of the body, or from another part |
| -oxia | oxygen | anoxia-an absence of oxygen |
| a-, an- | no, not, without | apnea-temporary cessation of breathing, especially during sleep. |
| ab- | away from | abnormal-deviating from what is normal or usual |
| ad- | toward | adductor-a muscle whose contraction moves a limb or other part of the body toward the midline of the body or toward another part |
| ana- | up,apart | anabolism-the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms from simpler ones together with the storage of energy; constructive metabolism |
| ante- | before, forward | ante cibum- after meal |
| anti- | against | antibiotic- destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. |
| auto- | self, own | autoimmune disease-A disease in which the body's immune system attacks healthy cells. |
| bi- | two | bifurcation-normal splitting into two branches |
| brady- | slow | bradycardia-a pulse of less than 60 |
| cata- | down | catabolism-the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with the release of energy; destructive metabolism |
| con- | with , together | conginital anomaly-An often-inherited medical condition that occurs at or before birth. |
| contra- | agaisnt, opposite | contraindication- is a specific situation in which a drug, procedure, or surgery should not be used because it may be harmful to the person |
| de- | down, lack of | dehydration- The process of losing or removing water or moisture. |
| dia- | through, complete | diarrhea- condition in which feces are discharged from the bowels frequently and in a liquid form |
| dys- | bad, painful, difficult, abnormal | dyspnea-difficult or labored breathing |
| ec-, ecto- | out, outside | ectopic pregnancy-a pregnancy in which the fetus develops outside the uterus, typically in a Fallopian tube |
| endo- | in, within | endocardium-the thin, smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves |
| epi- | upon, on, above | epithelium-the thin tissue forming the outer layer of a body's surface and lining the alimentary canal and other hollow structures |
| eu- | good,normal | euphoria-a feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness |
| ex- | out, outside, away from | exophtalmos-abnormal protrusion of the eyeball or eyeballs. |
| hemi- | half | hemiglossectomy- Surgical removal of one half of the tongue |
| hyper- | excessive, above | hyperglycemia-an excess of glucose in the bloodstream, often associated with diabetes mellitus. |
| hypo- | deficient, under | hypodermic injection-the forcing of a liquid into a part, as into the subcutaneous tissues, the vascular tree, or an organ. |
| in- | not | insomniac-is someone who can't sleep, someone who stares at the ceiling all night or watches the minutes tick by on the alarm clock or counts sheep into the millions. |
| in- | into, without | incision-a surgical cut made in skin or flesh. |
| infra- | beneath, under | infracostal-situated beneath the ribs |
| inter- | between | intercoastal-a muscle situated between the ribs |
| intra- | in,within,into | intravenous-existing or taking place within, or administered into, a vein or veins |
| macro- | large | macrocephaly- is not a condition in itself. It is a symptom of other conditions |
| mal- | bad | malaise-a general feeling of discomfort, illness, or uneasiness whose exact cause is difficult to identify. |
| meta- | beyond, change | metacarpal bones-form the intermediate part of the skeletal hand located between the phalanges of the fingers and the carpal bones of the wrist which forms the connection to the forearm |
| micro- | small | microscope-an optical instrument used for viewing very small objects, such as mineral samples or animal or plant cells, typically magnified several hundred times. |
| neo- | new | neonatal-of or relating to newborn children (or mammals). |
| pan- | all | pancytopenia-deficiency of all three cellular components of the blood (red cells, white cells, and platelets). |
| para- | abnormal,beside,near | paralysis-the loss of the ability to move (and sometimes to feel anything) in part or most of the body, typically as a result of illness, poison, or injury |
| per- | through | percutaneous-made, done, or effected through the skin. |
| peri- | surrounding | pericardium-the membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane |
| poly- | many,much | polyorphonuclear-(of a leukocyte) having a nucleus with several lobes and a cytoplasm that contains granules, as in an eosinophil or basophil |
| post- | after,behind | postmortem-an examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death |
| pre- | before,in front of | precanerous-(of a cell or medical condition) likely to develop into cancer if untreated. |
| pro- | before,fo | prodome-an early symptom indicating the onset of a disease or illness. |
| pros- | before, forward | prosthesis-an artificial body part, such as a leg, a heart, or a breast implant |
| supra- | above,upper | suprapubic-drains urine from your bladder |
| syn-,sym- | together,with | syndactyly-the condition of having some or all of the fingers or toes wholly or partly united, either naturally (as in web-footed animals) or as a malformation. |
| tachy- | fast | tachypnea-abnormally rapid breathing. |
| ultra- | beyond,excess | ultrasonography-is a diagnostic imaging technique based on the application of ultrasound |
| uni- | one | unilatreal-(of an action or decision) performed by or affecting only one person, group, or country involved in a particular situation, without the agreement of another or the others |
| an/o | anus | perianal-situated in or affecting the area around the anus. |
| append/o | appendix | appendectomy-a surgical operation to remove the appendix. |
| bucc/o | cheek | buccal mucosa-refers to the inside lining of the cheeks and is part of the lining mucosa. |
| cec/o | cecum | cecal-is an intraperitoneal pouch, that is considered to be the beginning of the large intestine |
| cel/i | belly | celiac-An immune reaction to eating gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye |
| cheil/o | lip | cheilosis-Inflammation and small cracks in one or both corners of the mouth. |
| cholecyst/o | gallbladder | cholecystectomy-surgical removal of the gallbladder. |
| choledoch/o | common bile duct | choldochotomy- incision into the common bile duct |
| col/o | colon | colostomy-a surgical operation in which a piece of the colon is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall so as to bypass a damaged part of the colon |
| dent/i | tooth | dentibuccal-pertaining to the teeth and cheek |
| duoden/o | duodenum | duodenal-is the first and shortest segment of the small intestine |
| esophag/o | esophagus | esophageal-Cancer of the tube that runs from the throat to the stomach (esophagus). |
| faci/o | face | facial-of or affecting the face. |
| gingiv/o | gums | gingivitis-A form of gum disease that causes inflamed gums. |
| ile/o | ileum | ileoceal sphincter- valve between the ileum of the small intestine and the cecum of the large intestine |
| jejun/o | jejunum | gastrojejunostomy- is a surgical procedure in which an anastomosis is created between the stomach and the proximal loop of the jejunum |
| labi/o | lip | labial-of or relating to the lips. |
| lapar/o | abdomen | laparscopy-a surgical procedure in which a fiber-optic instrument is inserted through the abdominal wall to view the organs in the abdomen or to permit a surgical procedure |
| lingu/o | tongue | sublingual-situated or applied under the tongue. |
| mandibul/o | lower jaw | submandibular-glands are major salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth |
| odont/o | tooth | orthodontist-is a type of dentist who specializes in straightening crooked teeth |
| or/o | mouth | oral- oral- of or relating to the mouth of or relating to the mouth |
| palat/o | palate | palatoplasty-is a surgical procedure used to correct or reconstruct the palate in a person with a cleft palate |
| pancreat/o | pancreas | pancreatitis-An inflammation of the organ lying behind the lower part of the stomach (pancreas |
| peritone/o | peritoneum | peritonitis-Inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal wall and covering the abdominal organs |
| pharyng/o | throat | pharyngeal-of or relating to the pharynx |
| proct/o | anus and rectum | proctologist-the branch of medicine concerned with the anus and rectum |
| pylor/o | pyloric sphincter | pyloroplasty- is surgery to widen the opening in the lower part of the stomach (pylorus) so that stomach contents can empty into the small intestine (duodenum). |
| rect/o | rectum | rectocele-A condition in which the tissue wall between the rectum and vagina weakens |
| sialaden/o | salivary gland | sialadentitis-is an infection of the salivary glands. It is usually caused by a virus or bacteria |
| sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon | sigmoidoscopy-examination of the sigmoid colon by means of a flexible tube inserted through the anus |
| stomat/o | mouth | stomatitis-A condition that causes painful swelling and sores inside the mouth. |
| uvul/o | uvula | uvulectomy-is a surgical procedure in which all or part of the uvula is removed |
| amyl/o | starch | amylase- is an enzyme that helps digest carbohydrates. It is made in the pancreas and the glands that make saliva |
| bil/i | gall, bile | biliary-of or relating to bile or the bile duct. |
| bilirubin/o | bilirubin | hyperbilirubinemia-is a condition in which there is too much bilirubin in the blood |
| chol/e | gall,bile | cholelithiasis-A hardened deposit within the fluid in the gallbladder, a small organ under the liver. |
| chlorhydr/o | hydrochloric acid | achlorhydria-absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric secretions |
| lip/o | fat,lipid | lipoma-A fatty lump most often situated between the skin and underlying muscle layer |
| lith/o | stone | lithogenesis-Formation of calculi |
| prote/o | protein | protease-an enzyme that breaks down proteins and peptides. |
| py/o | pus | pyorrhea-A serious gum infection that damages gums and can destroy the jawbone. |
| sial/o | saliva | sialolith-is a condition where a calcified mass or sialolith forms within a salivary gland |
| steat/o | fat | steatorrhea-the excretion of abnormal quantities of fat with the feces owing to reduced absorption of fat by the intestine. |
| -ase | anzyme | lipase-a pancreatic enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of fats to fatty acids and glycerol or other alcohols |
| -chezia | defecation | hematochezia-is the passage of fresh blood through the anus |
| -iasis | abnormal | choledocholithiasis- is the presence of at least one gallstone in the common bile duct |
| -prandial | meal | postprandial-occurring after a meal |
| carp/o | wrist bones | carpal tunnel-A numbness and tingling in the hand and arm caused by a pinched nerve in the wrist |
Created by:
Enesha2017
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