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L30,33 Prot Syn 2/3
USCSOM: Biochemistry: Lec 30, 33 Protein Syn II-III
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| describe the signal peptide | 20-30 AAs; usually at the amino terminus; mostly hydrophobic |
| Describe SRP | signal recognition particle; complex proteins and 7S RNA; halts translation until it is bound to rER surface |
| Secreted proteins are often stabilized by what? | disulfide bonds |
| Correct formation of disulfide bonds is helped by what enzyme with regards to protein folding in the ER? | peptidyl disulfide isomerase |
| What is the default pathway for a protein without a signal? | secretion |
| What is cotranslational import? | uptake of protein into ER depends on continuing protein synthesis by the ribosome |
| What form of insulin does the insulin gene code for? | preproinsulin |
| What is the single-chain form of insulin called without its signal peptide? | proinsulin |
| What is KDEL? | Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu; particular peptide sequence that causes proteins to be captured back from the Golgi |
| What is the targeting signal for sorting to the lysosome? | mannose-6-phosphate |
| What is the mitochondrial import signal? | N-terminal alpha helix with a series of basic AAs on one face |
| What genes do mitochondrial DNA code for? | NADH dehydrogenase, cyto b, cyto oxidase, F1 ATPase |
| Is uptake into the mitochondrial membrane considered to be pre or post translational? | posttranslational |
| What is the nuclear localization signal? | 5-6 AAs; basic and proline |
| Describe uptake of the protein into the nucleus. pre or post translational? | post-translational |
| What is a common post-translational modification to the N-terminus? | removal of methionine and acetylation |
| What are the two types of post-translational glycosylation? | O-linked and N-linked |
| Describe O-linked post-translational glycosylation | covalently bonded to Ser or Thr; one sugar at a time by glycosyltransferases |
| Describe N-linked post-translational glycosylation | linked to Asn; must occur in Asn-Xxx-Ser/Thr sequence; |
| What is the general peptide sequence for collagen? | Gly-X-Y; X= Pro; Y= 4-OHPro |
| Describe the collagen gene. | 50exons; 54bp's and 6GlyXY per base pair |
| What direction does the collagen triple helix form? | C to N-terminus |
| What intracellular post-translational modifications occur in the formation of collagen? | hydroxylations, glycosylations, protofibril formation |
| What enzyme helps for lysine aldehyde cross links? | lysyl oxidase |
| What is the difference between collagen and procollagen? | procollagen still has C and N-propeptides |
| Describe osteogenesis imperfecta. | genetic disorder; characterized by easily breaking bones of varying degree; mutation in type I collagen genes |
Created by:
jlellerm
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