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Final Review
Final Review Vocabulary
| primary source | eyewitness account Examples- diary, journal entry |
| secondary source | second hand source Ex: textbook, movies |
| peninsula | landform surrounded by water on 3 sides |
| strait | narrow body of water |
| climate | weather over a long period of time |
| land bridge | theory that states early peoples came from Asia to the Americas |
| artifact | object made by humans |
| migration | the movement of people |
| nomad | someone who follows the food supply |
| ice age | period when earth was covered by glaciers |
| hemisphere | half of the earth's regions northern, western, southern, eastern |
| tribe | group of Natives who share common language and culture |
| sachem | Iroquois leader- 50 chosen by women |
| surplus | extra supply- led to communities |
| turning point | event that changes the course of history |
| Columbian exchange | movement of goods and ideas from Europe to New World |
| culture | total way of life |
| colony | group of people who settle in distant land, but are still ruled by the government of their native land EX; British colonies |
| embargo | refusal to trade |
| northwest passage | all water route to Asia that didn't exist |
| House of Burgesses | first representative government Virginia, |
| burgess | elected representative |
| indentured servant | someone who works 4-7 years in exchange for passage to New World |
| tariff | tax on imports |
| domestic | at home, within the country |
| foreign | outside the country |
| debt | money owed |
| tolerance | acceptance of another's religion, culture |
| import | product bought from another country |
| export | product sold to another country |
| mercantilism | European economic system in which colonies benefit mother country, gold is valued, and exporting more than importing |
| Boston Tea Party | colonial rebellion to protest Tea Tax |
| Boston Massacre | 1770- conflict between colonists and British troops in which 5 colonists were killed. |
| "No taxation without representation" | Colonists wanted representation in Parliament |
| tyranny | absolute rule |
| Patriot | colonists who wanted independence |
| Loyalist/Tory | those who wanted to stay loyal to England |
| writs of assistance | legal document that allowed British custom officials to inspect cargo without warrent |
| Quartering Act | British housing of soldiers in colonial homes |
| Proclamation of 1763 | no settlers west of Appalachian Mountains To prevent conflicts with Native Americans |
| triangular trade | colonial trade routes between Europe, Africa, Indies, and colonies |
| racism | belief that one race is superior to another |
| slave codes | laws preventing slaves from having rights |
| plantation | large estate farmed by many workers SOuth- slaves |
| alien | foreigner |
| sedition | to speak against the governement |
| unconstitutional | against the principles of the constitution |
| federal/national govt. | Washington, DC- Congress |
| boycott | to refuse to buy a good- protest used in colonies |
| petition | to address the government Olive Branch Petition- |
| legislature | lawmaking body Congress Parliament |
| veto | I forbid, check and balance President, Congress |
| faction | groups- led to political parties |
| spoils system | Jackson- providing govt. jobs to those who helped support you in your election |
| War Hawk | wanted war against England- 1812 |
| reform | to make better Result of Second Great Awakening |
| compromise | when both sides give up something to achieve a goal |
| ratification | to accept the Constitution or legal document |
| amendments | changes to Constitution Bill of RIghts |
| separation of powers | powers are divided into 3 branches each with a different role |
| checks and balances | system in which no branch of govt becomes too powerful |
| popular sovereignty | the people rule |
| federalism | powers are given to state and federal government |
| neutrality | not taking sides Washington's Foreign Policy |
| Louisiana Purchase | Doubled the size of the US Bought from France- Thomas Jefferson |
| Lewis & Clark expedition | explorers of Louisiana Territory |
| Marbury v. Madison | gave the Supreme COurt the right to declare a law unconstitutional- case of midnight judges |
| judicial review | the right of the SUpreme COurt to declare a law unconstiutional |
| impressment | taking of American sailors and ships One of the causes of the War of 1812 |
| Industrial Revolution | change from hand-made goods to machine made goods Began in England |
| Erie Canal | allowed the movement of goods from western NY to NYC |
| cotton gin | Eli Whitney's invention to remove seeds from cotton increased need for slaves |
| sectionalism | loyalty to one's section or state, rather than nation |
| manifest destiny | belief that America should expand its borders from ocean to ocean |
| abolitionist-abolitionist movement | wanted to end slavery |
| Underground Railroad-"conductor" | secret passage to North for runaway slaves |
| states' rights | one of the causes of the Civil War |
| secession | the withdrawal of the South from the Union in 1860 |
| Confederate States of America | southern states that seceded Jefferson Davis- President |
| foreign policy | actions that a nation takes in relation to another nation |
| electoral college | delegates from each state that chooses the president |
| republic | government in which citizens choose representatives to govern them |
Created by:
lindamanzo
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