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Eberhard Ch. 13
Eberhard Ch. 13 People Moving South and West
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Manifest Destiny? | the belief that God had given America the right to claim lands form coast to coast |
| What were some reasons that pioneers moved West? | to make money trading furs and to get cheap, plentiful land, to seek their fortune mining gold |
| Why did Mormons move West? | to escape religious persecution |
| Where did the Mormons settle? | in present-day Utah, which was then part of Mexico |
| What was the Florida Purchase? | the purchase of Florida by the U.S. from Spain in exchange for money and a clear border between the Louisiana Territory and New Spain |
| Why did the U.S. want to buy Florida from Spain? | to mark the boundary clearly between New Spain and Louisiana Territory, and to be able to deal with the Indians in Florida. |
| What was the effect of the Seminole Wars in Florida? | The Seminoles lost; many were captured and forced to move to the Indian Territory. |
| Why did American southerners move into Texas territory while it was still part of Mexico? | They wanted more fertile land for cotton. |
| Why did the Texans rebel against the Mexican government? | The planters wanted to be able to have slaves. |
| Why did the U.S. Congress refuse to annex Texas and make it part of the U.S.? | At first, the United States Congress refused to annex Texas because it would upset the balance of slave and free states |
| What were three reasons the Mexican War was fought? | The Mexican War was the result of Manifest Destiny, the desire for Pacific ports, and the annexation of Texas. |
| What was the result of the Mexican War? | The treaty that ended this war gave Mexican territory (New Mexico, Arizona, California, Utah and Nevada) to the United States. |
| What was the Mexican Cession? | The Mexican Cession was the territory that the United States got as a result of winning the Mexican War. |
| What effect did the Mexican Cession have on the U.S.? | The Mexican Cession gave the United States access to Pacific ports and the gold fields of California. |
| How did the Mexican Cession lead to more controversy over slavery? | Some northerners wanted Congress to declare that this territory would be “free soil,” prohibiting slavery. Southerners wanted the area to be open to slavery. |
| What two countries claimed the Oregon Territory? | the U.S. and Britain |
| What was the Northwest Treaty (Oregon Treaty)? | a compromise with Great Britain, setting the northern boundary of the United States at the 49th parallel. |
| What was the Santa Fe trail? | a trail between Independence, Missouri and Santa Fe, Mexico that was used for 60 years to carry goods to and from the southwest. |
| How did the Santa Fe trail affect relations with Mexico? | At first, trade improved relations between Mexico and the U.S. However, this trade encouraged American settlers to want the lands held by Mexico. |
| What was the Oregon Trail? | a 2,000 mile overland trail between Independence, Missouri and Oregon that took many immigrants, pioneers, explorers, missionaries, and fur traders to the NW and other places across the country |
| How did the Oregon Trail affect the U.S.? | Pioneers traveling the Oregon Trail settled in Oregon and wanted to be part of the U.S., resulting in the Oregon Treaty. |
| What hardships did pioneers on the trails West face? | broken axels, bad weather, little food, sickness, or bandits and unfriendly Native Americans. |
| What hardships did pioneers face once they settled at the end of their journey? | They had to build new lives with only what they had brought or what they found. Many built sod houses because there were no trees or had to cut down trees to make room for crops. Bad weather, sickness or bandits were also problems they faced. |
| When was gold discovered in California? | 1849 |
| Why did Californians want their state to be a free state? | They did not want to compete with slave owners who would be able to use their slaves to mine for gold. |
| Why were Chinese welcomed in California at first? | During the Gold Rush, Chinese were welcome as long as gold was plentiful. They were also welcome because they performed a lot of the drudgery such as laundering and cooking. |
| Why were Chinese and other minorities discriminated against? | As gold became scarce, competition created unfair treatment, or discrimination, toward the minorities (Chinese, African American, Mexican). White Americans said that California’s gold belonged to them. |
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