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US/VA Unit 8 Vocab
The Cold War & Civil Rights Movement
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| West Germany | Portion of Germany that practiced self-governed democracy after a few years of British, French and American occupation |
| East Germany | Portion of Germany that remained under the domination of the Soviet Union and did not adopt democratic institutions |
| Marshall Plan | Provided massive financial aid to rebuild European economies and prevent the spread of communism |
| United Nations | Formed near the end of WWII to create a body of nations of the world to try to prevent future global wars |
| Cold War | Lasted for nearly 50 years after WWII; characterized by the clash between communism and democracy |
| United States | A democratic country with a free market economy |
| USSR | a totalitarian country with a command/communist economic system |
| Truman Doctrine | Guiding principle of American foreign policy throughout the Cold War, to "contain" communism |
| NATO | Defensive alliance between the US and Western Europe, initially to prevent the spread of communism |
| Korean War | 1950s Asian "war" that reflected the American policy of containing communism |
| Vietnam War | Buildup for this "war" began in 1963 and exploded in the late 1960s and early 1970s |
| North Korea | Korean country that is still communist today |
| South Korea | Korean country that was not occupied by communists |
| Bay of Pigs Invasion | Invasion of Cuba that was an attempt to remove the communist Fidel Castro from power |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | 1962 incident where the world was on the brink of nuclear warfare |
| McCarthy | Senator who accused many Americans of being communists; most of these allegations were false |
| Hampton Roads | Area of Virginia that is home to several large naval and air bases |
| Northern Virginia | Area of Virginia that is home to the Pentagon and numerous private companies with military contracts |
| John F. Kennedy | "Ask not what your country can do for you; Ask what you can do for your country". |
| Ronald Reagan | "Mr Gorbachev, tear down this wall"; President who ended the Cold War |
| Brown v. Board of Education | Supreme Court decision to end school segregation |
| Thurgood Marshall | Leader of the NAACP legal defense team in Brown V. Board |
| Oliver Hill | Leader fo the NAACP legal defense team in Virginia |
| NAACP | Organization that challenged segregation in the courts |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | Act that desegregated public accommodations |
| George H. W. Bush | President between 1989-1993; VP to Ronald Reagan and father to a future President |
| Lyndon B. Johnson | VP to JFK who was instrumental in Vietnam War buildup and the "Great Society" |
| Bill Clinton | President from 1993-2001 who orchestrated the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) |
| George W. Bush | President during 9/11 and much of the "war on terror" |
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