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14/15 WWII
US History
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| leader of the Nazi Party in Germany, became dictator of Germany's Third Reich (Empire) , started WWII, responsible for the Holocaust | Adolf Hitler |
| Third Reich's mass murder of 6 million Jews and other "undesirable" in order to create a superior race (Aryans) | holocaust |
| Fascist dictator of Italy who allies with Hitler's Germany during most of WWII | Benito Mussolini |
| Communist dictator of the Soviet Union; brutally ruled by killing or imprisoning citizens who opposed his rule; allies with US, Britain and France in WWII | Joseph Stalin |
| Act that allowed Pres. F Roosevelt "lend" war materials to the Allies to get around the policy of neutrality; allowed the US to become an "Arsenal for Democracy" | Lend-Lease Act |
| December 7, 1941; Japan's attack on the US Pacific fleet in Hawaii; this event caused the US to abandon its policy of neutrality/isolationism and enter into WWII | bombing of Pearl Harbor |
| The Allies or the major nations in WWII who fought together against Germany, Italy, and Japan (called the AXIS Powers) | United States, Great Britain, France, Soviet Union (aka Russia) |
| 1st peacetime draft in US to train for troops; although not at war, proof that the US was moving toward war | Selective Service and Training Act of 1940 |
| Nickname for US soldiers of WWII because "Government Issue" was on uniforms and gear | GI's |
| squadron of African American fighter pilots during WWII; flew thousands of missions; their performance encouraged the eventual integration of the US military | Tuskegee Airman |
| Native Americans who served in WWII, they sent critical messages using a code based on their unwritten native language; vital in the Pacific front of the war | Navajo Code Talkers |
| brought an end to the Great Depression and renewed the fight for Civil Rights for minorities | positive effects of WWII on the US |
| character used in US war propaganda to encourage women to contribute to the war effort | Rosie the Riveter |
| regions of Southern California and the Deep South that saw a major growth in new industries during WWII | sunbelt |
| Roosevelt's order that designated certain areas in US as war zones; anyone could be removed from those areas; used to relocate Japanese Americans after Pearl Harbor; proved civil liberties can be violated for national security | Executive Order 9066 |
| Camps in the US established for the temporary imprisonment of Japanese and Japanese Americans, claiming they were a threat to national security | Internment camps |
| Program that limited the amount of certain products Americans could buy; issued monthly coupon books that had to be turned when products were purchased | rationing |
| US government encouraged citizens to plant personal gardens to support the war effort so more could be sent to the troops; appealed to people's patriotism | victory gardens |
| Code name for the Allied invasion of Normandy, France, June 6, 1944 | D Day |
| US Commander of all US forces in Europe during WWII; will later become President | General Dwight Eisenhower |
| US Commander of US forces in North Africa; nicknamed "Blood and Guts" | General George S. Patton |
| US strategy in the Pacific Theater; the US worked to capture strategic islands held by the Japanese and ignored others; goal was to get close to Japan | island hopping |
| May 7, 1945; Victory in Europe; the surrender of Germany (Hitler committed suicide April 30) | VE-Day |
| Vice President to FDR who became President when he died; ordered the dropping of the Atomic Bomb on Japan | Harry S. Truman |
| Code name for the program that developed the atomic bomb | Manhattan Project |
| Scientist who led the Manhattan Project | Robert Oppenheimer |
| Reason the US did not want to invade Japan and instead dropped atomic bombs on hundreds of thousands of Japanese civilians | limit US casualties |
| First island hit by an atomic bomb; August 6, 1945; Japan still did not surrender | Hiroshima |
| Second island hit by an atomic bomb August 9, 1945, surrender announced August 15, 1945 | Nagasaki |
| Victory in Japan; Emperor Hirohito of Japan officially surrenders to US and WWII ends; Sept 2, 1945 | VJ DAY |
| Treat signed between US and many other countries to promote international trade by reducing tariffs | GATT - General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade |
| An intergovernmental (multiple nations) organization to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, and achieve international co-operation | United Nations |
| Court established by the US, Great Britain, France, and the Soviet Union to punish leaders of the Axis Powers for war crimes | International Military Tribunal (IMT) |
| IMT trails of Nazi leaders suspected of committing war crimes | Nuremberg Trials |
| A group of international laws for the humane treatment of wounded or captured soldiers, medical personnel and civilians during war; violated by the Axis Powers | Geneva Convention |
| Prime Minister of Great Britain during most of WWII (similar to a president) | Winston Churchill |
Created by:
CoachKellie
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