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Bureaucracy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Central Clearance | Review of all executive branch testimony, reports, and draft legislation by the OMB to ensure that each communication to Congress is in accordance with the president's program. |
| Clientele Agencies | An cabinet department that is set up to serve the interests of a specific group or minority. |
| Command and Control Policy | It is a regulative policy that seeks to set a requirement and then enforce individuals and corporations to be consistent with meeting that requirement. |
| Committee Clearance | The ability of a congressional committee to review and approve certain agency decisions in advance and without passing a law. |
| Discretionary Authority | Bureaucrats can choose courses of action and make policies that are not spelled out in advance by laws. |
| Government Corporations | A government agency that operates like a business corporation. They provide services that could be provided by the private sector and typically charge for their services. The U.S. Postal Service is an example. |
| Incentive System | More effective and efficient than command-and-control policy. The incentive system uses market-like strategies to manage public policy. |
| Interagency Councils | Groups created to facilitate coordination of policy-making and implementation across a host of governmental agencies. |
| Rule Making | A process by which agencies implement legislation passed by Congress and signed into law by the President. In addition, an agency may engage in rulemaking to update rules under existing laws, or to create new rules that the agency believes are needed. |
| Senior Executive Service | Officials at the top of the civil service system (GS 16-18) whose positions are established by the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978. They earn high salaries, and the president may move them from one agency to another as leadership needs a change. |
| Spoils System | The 19th century practice of rewarding party loyalists and supporters with public office. |
| Street-level Bureaucrats | Bureaucrats who are in constant contact with the public and have considerable administrative discretion. |
| Policy Implementation | 1: creating a new agency or assigning any responsibility to an old agency 2: Translation of policy goals into operational rules and development of guidelines for the program 3: coordination of resources and personnel to achieve the intended goals. |
| Federal Employees Political Activities Act (Hatch Act) | A federal law prohibiting government employees from active participation in partisan politics while on duty or for employees in sensitive positions at any time. |
| Patron-Client Relation | A mutually obligation between an individual who has authority, social status, wealth, or some other personal resource (the patron) and another person who benefits from his or her support or influence (the client). |
Created by:
Nivethaa
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