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Unit 8 SOL Review
U.S. Imperialism and World War I
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Isolationism | the policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs |
| Imperialism | establishing political or economic control over other countries |
| Interventionism | the use of military and naval powers in pursuit of political goals |
| Open Door Policy | a policy set forth by Secretary of State John Hay in 1899, advocating equal trade opportunities for all countries dealing with China |
| Dollar Diplomacy | a policy begun under President Taft that aimed to encourage investment of American banks and businesses in Latin America |
| Latin America | the area south of the Rio Grande in the Western Hemisphere (Mexico, Central America, and South America) plus the Caribbean islands |
| Global economy | the interconnectedness of the economies of countries throughout the world |
| Spanish American War | the 1898 war between Spain and the United States; the U.S. won |
| Cuba | the island nation 90 miles from Florida, where the Spanish American War began. After the war, the U.S. was allowed to build and maintain a naval base on the island at Guantanamo Bay. |
| Panama Canal | 50-mile canal through the Isthmus of Panama completed in 1914, shortened the distance & allowed faster travel between the Atlantic & Pacific Oceans. |
| Colombia | South American country that owned Panama & refused to lease land to build a canal; President Theodore Roosevelt supported a Panamanian revolution against Colombia |
| Hawaii | Pacific islands where American planters overthrew the monarchy of Queen Liliuokalani; annexed by the United States in 1898 during the Spanish-American War |
| Philippines | Pacific Islands annexed by the United States after the Spanish American War. Were given their freedom after a violent revolt against U.S. Manila Bay was kept as U.S. Naval Base |
| “Big Stick” Policy | the aggressive foreign policy of President Theodore Roosevelt; used to push the building of the Panama Canal and supporting a revolution in Colombia |
| Roosevelt Corollary | the 1904 addition to the Monroe Doctrine in which the United States claimed the right to intervene in the affairs of other nations of the Western Hemisphere |
| “Rough Riders” | American soldiers fighting under Theodore Roosevelt in Cuba during the Spanish-American War |
| John Hay | the United States Secretary of State who proposed the Open Door Policy in 1899, advocating equal trade opportunities for all countries dealing with China |
| Theodore Roosevelt | 26th President, Republican, 1901 – 1909; associated with “big stick” diplomacy; led the Rough Riders in Cuba |
| William Randolph Hearst | newspaper publisher who practiced yellow journalism |
| William Howard Taft | 27th President, Republican, 1909 – 1913; succeeded Theodore Roosevelt; associated with dollar diplomacy |
| World War I | War fought between 1914 – 1918 between the Allied Powers and the Central Powers, The League of Nations was created after the war. |
| Allied Powers | alliance between Britain, Russia, and France during World War I, later joined by the United States and other countries. |
| Central Powers | alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary during World War I |
| Fourteen Points | Woodrow Wilson’s 1918 statement of plans for peace after World War I |
| Self-determination | the right of all people to determine their own form of government based on ethnic and Cultural differences. |
| League of Nations | an organization of nations established at the end of World War Ito maintain world stability; proposed by President Wilson but opposed by many in Congress |
| Mandate system | a system in which a region is administered by another country until it is judged ready for independence Ex: middle east controlled by England till independent countries were created. |
| Treaty of Versailles | the peace agreement that formally ended World War I created by the governments of the “BIG FOUR” England, U.S., France, Italy |
| U-boat | a German submarine |
| Unrestricted submarine warfare | German U-Boats attacked ships of all countries, even neutral nations |
| Zimmerman Note | a secret message sent to Mexico in 1917 by the German foreign minister, proposing an alliance between Germany and Mexico if Germany and the United States went to war |
| Lusitania | British luxury liner with civilian passengers that was sunk by a torpedo fired from a German U-boat; led to American involvement in World War I |
| Woodrow Wilson | 28th President, Democrat, 1913 – 1921; president during World War I; proposed the Fourteen Points plan for peace, which became the basis for the German surrender; proposed the League of Nations |
| Kaiser Wilhelm II | leader of Germany during World War I |
| David Lloyd George | British Prime Minister during World War I (part of Big Four) |
| Henry Cabot Lodge | United States Senator who advocated imperialism and led the fight in the Senate against the League of Nations |
| Vittorio Orlando | Italy Prime Minister during World War I (part of Big Four) |
| Georges Clemenceau | French Prime Minister during World War I (part of Big Four) |
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catherine_pace
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