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U.S. History
Chapter 15 and 16
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cold War | an area of confrontation and competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union that lasted from 1945-1990 |
| United Nations | founded in 1945; objectives included: Maintaining international peace, human rights, and humanitarian aid |
| Satellite Nations | communist countries in Eastern Europe under Soviet domination and sympathetic to Soviet goals |
| The Yalta Conference | meeting of FDR, Churchill and Stalin (The Big Three) to discuss the postwar world |
| Containment | Truman's policy that accepted that Eastern Europe was under Communist control, but sought to prevent Communist governments from taking over elsewhere in the world |
| Truman Doctrine | Stated that the U.S. would support free peoples who resisted communism; was first applied to Greece and Turkey in 1947 |
| The Marshall Plan | named for Secretary of State George Marshall; intended to Stop the spread of communism in Western Europe |
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | Formed to provide collective securities- mutual military assistance among nations |
| Limited Warfare | a war fought to win a specific objective rather than a total victory |
| HUAC | House Un-American Activities Committee began investigating Hollywood; "Are you now or have you ever been a member of the communist party?" |
| Hollywood Ten | Ten Hollywood celebrities who refused to answer questions from the HUAC; they spent up to a year in jail |
| Blacklist | a list of Hollywood actors, writers, directors, and broadcasters who were suspected of being communist; they were not to be hired if they were on the list |
| Alger Hiss | accused of being a Soviet Spy; was investigated by HUAC and Richard Nixon; was convicted of perjury and served 4 years in prison |
| McCarthyism | technique of making broad accusations with little or no evidence |
| 1945 | the United States developed that atomic bomb (The Manhattan Project) |
| 1952 | Soviets developed the atomic bomb |
| 1952 | the US developed the hydrogen bomb |
| 1953 | the Soviets developed the hydrogen bomb |
| Deterrence | the policy of making a nation's military power so strong that no enemy would attack or fear of retaliation |
| Massive Retaliation | the policy of threatening a massive response, including nuclear weapons, against a Communist nation trying to seize a peaceful state by force |
| Brinkmanship | police of risking war in order to protect national interest |
| Arms race | the struggle to gain weapons superiority; mostly between the U.S. and the USSR |
| U-2 incident | 1960 Soviets shot down U.S. spy plane with guided missile |
| Zionism | movement seeking Jewish homeland in palestine |
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Becca101
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