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Chapter 7 lesson 1
Mining and Logging
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where was gold first found in Idaho? | Orofino Creek |
| Which state leads the nation in silver mining? | Idaho |
| With the growth of mining in Idaho, what 2 big problems developed between miners and mine owners? | Pay and mining safety |
| How did miners fight for their safety and higher pay? | They joined unions. |
| What is a union? | A large group of people working together for better pay and working conditions |
| What do we call workers refusing to work until they get their demands met? | A strike |
| What happened between union miners and company guards at Frisco Mill and the Gem Mine in 1892? | Men shot at each other and 5 of them died. |
| Name the only mining company that didn't increase miners wages by 1899. | Bunker Hill Mine |
| How did Bunker Hill miners show their anger at not getting paid higher wages? | Hundreds of men stole a Northern Pacific train in Burke Canyon, armed it with dynamite, and rammed it into the bunker Hill Mine at Wardner. |
| What were the consequences for ramming the train into the mine? | 2 men died. fire destroyed the mining offices. Many miners were arrested, put in jail, and many could never work in the mines again. |
| Which Idaho governor called in the US soldiers to arrest the miners? | Frank Steunenberg. |
| Another labor dispute between mine owners and labor unions took place in 1905. What was the result of the disagreement? | A bomb was rigged up at Frank Steunenberg's gate in Caldwell, ID and the explosion killed Governor Steunenberg |
| Who was accused of placing the Steunenberg bomb? | Albert Horsely, known as Harry Orchard, admitted to killing the governor. |
| When Albert Horsely, aka Harry Orchard, went to trial, what was his defense? | He claimed the leaders of the Western Federation of Miners union hired him to do the job. |
| What trial was known as "The Trial of the Century"? | The trial of the union leaders, like William Haywood, accused of hiring Horsely. |
| Who were the opposing lawyers in "The Trial of the Century"? | Clarence Darrow was the defense lawyer, and 2 Idaho lawyers, James Hawley and William Borah worked to show that Haywood was guilty. |
| How long did "The Trial of the Century" take? | 10 weeks |
| What was the decision, or VERDICT, of "The Trial of the Century"? | Haywood was found "not guilty" |
| What is "scrip"? | It was used as payment to miners, similar to money, but could only be spent in stores owned by the mining companies that issued the scrip. |
| For what did mines and mining companies use lumber? | To reinforce mineshafts so they wouldn't cave in. |
| Name 3 ways that mining towns use lumber? | They built stores, schools, and sidewalks. |
| In what century did logging and the timber industry begin in Idaho? | The beginning of the 1900's--the twentieth century. |
| Name one of the first businessmen to send men to explore Idaho's forests. | Frederick Weyerhaeuser |
| Which Idaho lumber company opened the largest sawmill in the world for a time? | Potlatch forests |
| Name the two largest lumber companies in Idaho. | Potlatch Forests, and Boise Cascade--now called Boise, Inc. |
| Were there women in Idaho logging camps? | Some camps had women cooks. |
| What is a "company town"? | Towns put up by some lumber companies for loggers and their families to live together. |
| For how long was Potlatch a company town? | 80 years |
| Name 7 Idaho sawmill towns | Potlatch, McCall, Council, Horseshoe Bend, Cascade, Post Falls and Coeur d'Alene |
| Name 3 Idaho logging boomtowns | Harrison, St. Maries, and Bayview. |
| Name 2 bodies of water on which steamboats brought supplies to logging towns | St. Joes River and Lake Coeur d'Alene |
| What was "The big Blowup of 1910"? | Over 1,700 fires burning the tall pines of Idaho's panhandle sending soot as far away as Greenland. |
| What is believed to have started "The Big Blowup of 1910"? | Either lightning or an out-of-control campfire |
| What town was threatened in "The Big Blowup of 1910"? | Wallace, Idaho |
| How much of the town of Wallace was destroyed in "The Big blowup of 1910"? | About a third. |
| How did Wallace's mayor fight the fires? | He ordered all women and children to leave town, and all the men to either fight the fire or go to jail. |
| Name the Wallace forest ranger who was a big hero in the Big Blowup of 1910. | Edward Pulaski |
| What heroic feat did Edward Pulaski complete during the Big Blowup of 1910? | He led men to an old mineshaft and held them there at gunpoint until the fire passed, saving most of their lives. |
| What did Edward Pulaski invent? | A firefighting tool that was a combination ax and grub hoe which is called the Pulaski. |
| What eventually put out the Big Blowup fires of 1910? | Rainfall. |
| What mining tool resembled a baby's cradle? | A rocker |
| Where is the richest silver area? | Silver Valley |
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