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Chapter 15
Civil War and Reconstruction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The first battle of the Civil War, proving that the South will take up arms against the government of the United States. | Fort Sumter |
| Abraham Lincoln's main goal and purpose for declaring war against the seceded states. | Preserving the union |
| Strategy used by the Union, allows complete destruction of all resources in southern states including livestock, crops, homes, ect. in attempt to stop any fighting back | Total War Strategy |
| Large number of causalities for both sides; seen as a victory for the Union; encourages Lincoln to announce the Emancipation Proclamation | Battle of Antietam |
| General Grant surrounds the last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River, the north would control southern supply routes | Battle of Vicksburg |
| Union strategy to blockade Southern ports, advanced down the Mississippi River, and cut the South in two to limit supplies reaching southern troops. | Anaconda Plan |
| Turning point for the Union by halting Confederate invasion; Lincoln used dedication ceremony for the cemetery (Gettysburg Address) to honor fallen soldiers and restate the goal of war to end slavery. | Battle of Gettysburg |
| Lincoln uses his authority as Commander-in-Chief of the military to declare all slaves in rebel states as free; does not free slaves in northern states, but encourages more African-Americans to enlist in the Union army. | Emancipation Proclamation |
| Confederate General of Virginia represent skilled military leadership during the Civil War | General Lee |
| Union General represent skilled military leadership during the Civil War | General Grant |
| Speech given after re-election, suggesting a peaceful and forgiving path to reconstruction (rejoining the southern states into the Union) after the war's end. | Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address |
| Killed by a southern sympathizer, plans for reconstruction changed; Lincoln had proposed a plan for peaceful reconciliation for southern states. | Lincoln's Assassination |
| War ends with Lee's surrender to Grant, where Grant offers generous terms, allowing Confederate officers to return home without punishment for treason. | Appomattox Courthouse |
| The plans for a period of readmitting southern states and citizens to the Union; members of Congress argued whether to be lenient or harsh in punishing the south for rebellion. | Reconstruction |
| The document released by South Carolina declaring that they are breaking away from the Union is called | Secession Ordinance |
| A slave state that did not secede | Border State |
| Not favoring either side | Neutral |
| Rule in which the military is in charge and citizens' rights are suspended | martial law |
| A military action to prevent traffic from coming into an area or leaving it | blockade |
| States that did not secede from the United States were called | Union States |
| Southern states that seceded from the United States were called | The Confederate States of America |
| President of the south... | President Jefferson Davis |
| What two rivers were important to control during the Civil War? | Ohio River and Mississippi River |
| Advantages: larger population, more farmland, more railroad tracks, and more factories Which side does this describe? | The North |
| Advantages: more experienced military leaders and fighting on their land Which side does this describe? | The South |
| What were the different parts of the Anaconda Plan? | Block southern ports, gain control of the Mississippi River to split the south in two, and seize Richmond |
| What was the south's strategy to win the war? | defend their land until the North is tired and get help from Britain (European countries) |
| How could the soldiers who fought in the Civil War be described? | volunteers, young, and inexperienced |
| Were African Americans allowed to fight in the Civil War? | YES- after Emancipation Proclamation, fought for Union |
| Were women allowed to fight in Civil War? | NO- but many helped by being spies, nurses, taking care of businesses and farms back home, and work in factories Some disguised themselves as men to fight |
| Warships covered with protective iron plates | Ironclades |
| 13th Amendment | Banned slavery throughout the nation |
| Constitutional protection against unlawful improsionment | habeas corpus |
| Tax on the money people recieve | income tax |
| general rise in prices | inflation |
| Which region was hit the hardest by the cost of the war? | The south- they couldn't afford it |
| Who led total war and the march to the sea? | General Sherman |
| What were the 2 key results of the Civil War? | Reunited the nation and put an end to slavery |
| 14th Amendment | All people born or naturalized (become a legal citizen) in the United States are citizens No states can pass laws to take away constitutional rights |
| 15th Amendment | Banned states from denying African American Males the right to vote "on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude" |
| 10% of the state's voters swear oath of loyalty to the United States then the state could organize a new state government, no slavery and then the state could sent Congress members to participate in federal government again | Abraham Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan |
| President after Lincoln was assassinated | President Andrew Johnson |
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amackey1688
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