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Government Test 3
Chapter 11 Bold Print Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Reapportionment | Redistribution of representatives among the states,based on population change. The house is reapportioned after each census. |
| Incumbent | A current officeholder. |
| Casework | Solving problems for constituents, especially problems involving government agencies. |
| Impeachment | The formal charging of a government official with " treason,bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors." |
| Gerrymandering | Redrawing a congressional district to intentionally benefit one political party. |
| Descriptive Representation | A belief that constituents are most effectively represented by legislators who are similar to them in such key demographic characteristics as race, ethnicity, religion,or gender. |
| Racial Gerrymandering | The drawing of a legislative district to maximize the chance of a minority candidate will win election. |
| Standing Committee | A permanent congressional committee that specializes in particular policy area. |
| Select Committee | A temporary congressional committee created for a specific purpose and disbanded after that purpose is fulfilled. |
| Seniority | Years of consecutive service on a particular congressional committee. |
| Speaker of the House | The presiding officer of the House of Representatives. |
| Cloture | The mechanism by which a filibuster is cut off in the senate. |
| Constituents | People who live and vote in a government official's district or state. |
| Delegate | A legislator whose \primary responsibility is to represent the majority view of his or her constituents, regardless of his or her own view. |
| Earmarks | Federal funds appropriated by congress for use on local projects. |
| Veto | The president's disapproval of a bill that has been passed by both houses of congress. Congress can override a veto with a two- thirds vote in each house. |
| Joint Committee | A committee made up of members of both house and the senate. |
| Conference Committee | A temporary committee created to work out differences between the house and senate versions of a specific piece of legislation. |
| Oversight | The precess of reviewing the operations of an agency to determine whether it is carrying out policies as congress intended. |
| Filibuster | A delaying tactic used in the senate, that involves speechmaking to prevent action on a piece of legislation. |
| Hold | A letter requesting that a bill be held from floor debate. |
| Trustee | A representative who is obligated to consider the views of constituents but is not obligated to vote according to those views if he or she believes they are misguided. |
| Parliamentary System | A system of government in which the chief executive is the leader whose party holds the most seats in the legislature after an election or whose party forms a major part of the ruling coalition. |
| Senate Majority Leader | The head of the majority party in the senate; the second highest ranking member of the majority party in the house. |
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