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PULJU - OGT - HIS D
***Pulju OGT study cards - HISTORY D
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nationalism | Extreme national pride led to plans for expansion and a willingness to fight. |
| Imperialism | Western nations competed for the power and wealth that the colonies in Asia and Africa brought to them, which led to anger and grudges among Western nations. |
| Militarism | Nations armed themselves, making an armed conflict quicker to start with more lethal results. |
| Systems of alliances | Nations signed mutual defense agreements with some of their neighbors; when one member fought , they all fought |
| League of Nations | An international organization was formed to allow nations to discuss problems and prevent war; the U.S. did not join. |
| Depression | A worldwide depression started in the decade after the end of the war. |
| Disarmament | Losing nations were forced to disarm; they resented it and defied the order. |
| Dictators | after the war and during the Depression strong leaders(for example, Adolph Hitler) gained power in many nations. |
| nationalism | idea that your national culture and interests are superior to any other |
| militarism | Glorifying military power and keeping an army always ready for war. |
| Allied Powers | Great Britain, France, Russia |
| Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire |
| "Spark" that started WWI | Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand |
| U-boats | German weapon that threatened US and allied ships |
| Germany | Treaty of Versailles was very harsh for this country |
| neutral | US position at the start of WWI and WWII |
| reparations | payment for damages after a war |
| Hitler | WWII Leader of Germany |
| Mussolini | WWII leader of Italy |
| Mein Kampf, "My Struggle" | Book written by Hitler |
| Poland | Hitler's invasion of this country started WWII |
| USA and Soviet Union | Super powers of the Cold War After WWII |
| Democracy | rule by the people |
| Communism | all rule and ownership by the government |
| Iron Curtain | Europe's division into democratic western and communistic eastern Europe. |
| containment policy | Efforts to stop the spread of communism |
| Marshall Plan | giving money to European countries to help boost economies for democracies |
| NATO | Alliance created to protect the west from communism |
| Berlin Wall | built to keep people from leaving east Germany |
| Cuba | became communist under Castro; near USA |
| nuclear war | Cuban Missile Crisis brought us close to this |
| Aggression/Expansion | Both Germany and Japan sought to take control of other countries by force and intimidation. |
| Appeasement | Britain chose to give in to (appease) Hitler's conquest of Czechoslovakia and Austria. |
| Revenge | Germany sought revenge against the Allies for the harsh terms of surrender after WW I. |
| Cost in deaths/dollars | 55 million people killed. European nations and Japan sustained millions of dollars in damage. |
| Losing Nations | Germany and Japan were defeated and placed under Allied control. |
| Marshall Plan | The U.S. rebuilt Germany and Europe and also rebuilt Japan under the leadership of General Douglas Mac Arthur. |
| United Nations | The U.N. was formed to prevent future wars and aggression. |
| Israel | The state of Israel was formed as a homeland for Jews. |
| Name the four European causes of war | Nationalism, Imperialism, Militarism, Alliance system |
| Where was the assassination that started World War One? Who was assassinated? | Bosnia;Archduke Franz Ferdinand |
| What part or the war caused starvation in Germany? | The British Blockade |
| How did the U.S. get past the German U-boats on the way to Europe? | Convoy system |
| What was the purpose of the Selective Service Act? | To meet the governments need for more fighthing power |
| Name all new weapons used in WWI? | machine guns, airplanes, Posion gas, grenades, subs, and tanks |
| What major country suffered the fewest casualties during World War 1? | United States |
| What major country suffered the most casualities during World War 1? | Russia |
| Name 4 countries that were known as the "Big Four" at the peace treaty meetings. | France, U.S., Great Britain, Italy Allies |
| Who was against Wilson's 14 points plan for peace? | U.S. Senate |
| Why didn't the Senate like the idea of joining the Leauge of Nations? | Isolationsim- threatened US foreign policy by being dragged into another foreign war |
| Name the policy we had at the beginning of the war | Neutrality |
| Nationalism | Devotion to interests, culture, of ones nation |
| Militarism | Devolpment of armed forces, their use in diplamacy |
| Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hugary, Ottoman Empire |
| What caused the fighting between Autria-Hungary and Serbia to become a World war? | Secret Alliiances |
| Selective Service Act | Men register randomly chosen for service |
| What major gain did women get after WWI | The right to vote-19th ammendment |
| The biggest problem with the Treaty of Versailles | It humiliated Germany and made it so there was no way they could repay for the war damages |
| How did the Espionage and Sedection Acts affect free speech? | did not allow people to talk or write about the war or you could be put in jail |
| Three members of the Triple Entente | France, Britian and Russia |
| The 3 major members of the Central Powers | Germany, Austir-Hungary, Ottoman Empire |
| dictator | an absolute or total ruler who seizes control of the gov't |
| fascism | a political gov't that puts the needs of the nation above the needs of an individual |
| communism | promised a society in which property would be shard be everyone |
| police state | a country in which the gov't has total control over people and uses secret police to find and punish people who rebel or protest |
| aggression | warlike action such as an invasion or attack |
| genocide | the planned killing of a race of people |
| holocost | the Nazi killing of the Jewish people in WWII |
| concentration camp | a prision where the enemies of the German gov't were gathered involuntarily |
| crematoriun | ovens used to burn the bodies of death camp victams |
| black shirts | the secret police or Nazi political police |
| getto | an enclosed and restricted area of a city in which Jews were required to live |
| SS | Hitler's personal guards, also known as the Black Shirts |
| Poland | Auschwitz was the largest concentration camp in this country |
| Dachau | the first concentration camp established in Munich in 1933 |
| resistance | underground organization engaged in a struggle for liberation |
| David | the six pointed star used as a symbol Germans forced Jews to wear for indentification |
| Gestapo | elite SS spies |
| Cold War | War without a fight between Russia & U.S. to see who could reach the moon and build up nuclear weapons |
| Civil Rights Movement | movement to ensure all Americans had basic everyday rights |
| Federal Reserve | manages nation's economy by raising( to get people to save) and lower (to get people to spend) |
| New Deal | FDR's plan to combat the great depression |
| Treaty of Versailles | ended WWI -put all the blame on Germany |
| Civil disobedience | legal form of protest to bring about government change |
| Red Scare | fear of the spread of communism |
| Berlin wall | imaginary line in Europe that separates the communist countries |
| Marshall Plan | U.S. program to rebuild Europe after WWII |
| Truman doctrine | policy to help support free people around the world |
| 1993 NAFTA | this organization worked for free trade around the world, western hemishpere |
| to work in factories | the reason that farmers moved to cities from the farms |
| Bay of Pigs | U.S. invasion of Cuba to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro |
| Failed | What happened to the invasion of Cuba known as the Bay of Pigs |
| Used oil to pay back debts | In 1970 Mexico's increased prosperity was a result of this |
| Cuban-Missle Crisis | Soviet Union planted missles in Cuba pointed at the US; the US had missles in Turkey pointed at the Soviet Union |
| Fidel Castro | Young lawyer; in 1956 he a began a Guerilla movement against Bastia. – becomes the leader of communist cuba |
| John F. Kennedy | US president who adopted a dymanic foreign policy to impress the Soviet Union with American strength |
| Soviet Union | the country that Castro turned to for help |
| Containment | the post- World War II policy of the US to limit communist espansion to areas already controlled by the Soviet Union |
| Pearl Harbor | Japan's attack of U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on Dec. 7, 1941 prompted the U.S. to enter WW II. |
| Assassinated | Killing or murdering someone by surprise, especially a political leader or other public figure. |
| Heir | someone who inherits the property, position, or title of another simply because he or she is related to that person. |
| Ottoman Empire | an area stretching from present day Turkey to southern Europe and from the Middle East to North Africa. |
| continent | one of the 7 large land masses in the world |
| nationalism | loyalty to one's own nation or country; especially putting one nation above all others, with major emphasis on promotion of its culture and interests |
| Cold War | a term used to refer to the stare of tension an hostility between the US and the soviet Union for four decades after WWII |
| totalitarian | a political system in which the state, or the governing branch of the state, holds absolute authority, not allowing any opposition group |
| militarism | the principle or policy of maintaining a large military establishment |
| reparations | compensation (money) payable by a defeated country to another country for loss suffered during or as a result of war |
| appeasement | policy of giving into an aggressor's demands in order to keep the peace |
| containment | a policy aimed at controlling the spread of communism around the world |
| Cold War | a state of political tension and military rivalry between nations that stops short of full-scale war |
| communism | theoretical economic system characterized by the collective ownership of property and by the organization of labor for the common advantage of all members |
| Treaty of Versailles | Treaty signed after WWI imposing reparations on Germany. They also took full blame for the war. |
| conscientious objector | refusal on moral or religious grounds to bear arms in a military conflict or to serve in the armed forces |
| United Nations | an international organization composed of most of the countries of the world; it was founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, and economic development – This new organization was an upgrade form of the League of nations |
| Korean War | Fought in the 1950's by the U.S. to contain communism. |
| Vietnam War | Fought in the 1960's and 1970's by the U.S. to contain communism. |
| Cold War | A time of political tension and military rivalry between the U.S. and the Soviet Union following WW II. |
Created by:
mshons
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