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Ch. 11 Vocab
Sections 1-4
Question | Answer |
---|---|
John Jacob Astor | An American merchant who created one of the largest fur business |
Mountain Men | Fur traders and trappers |
Oregon Trail | A 2000 mile long trail which stretched from Missouri to Iowa |
Santa Fe Trail | Another important path west that led from Missouri to New Mexico |
Mormons | The members of Joseph Smith's church |
Brigham Young | After Smith's murder, he became head of the Mormon church |
Father Miguel Hidalgo Y Costilla | A Mexican priest who led a rebellion of about 80000 poor Indians and Mestizos |
Empresarios | Agents |
Stephen F Austin | A young agent who started a colony on the lower Colorado River |
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | A general who suspended Mexico's republican constitution and turned his attention to the growing unrest in Texas |
Alamo | An abandoned mission near San Antonio that became an important battle site in the Texas Revolution |
Battle of San Jacinto | Texas captured Santa Anna and forced him to sign a treaty giving Texas its independence |
Manifest Destiny | Obvious fate to settle land all the way to the Pacific Ocean in order to spread democracy |
James K Polk | He was chosen by the Democratic party to oppose Henry Clay |
Vaqueros | Cowboys who managed the large herds of cattle and sheep |
Californios | The 3200 colonists who felt little connection to their faraway government |
Bear Flag Revolt | Americans declared California to be an independent nation |
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | In February 1848, U.S. and Mexico signed this to officially end war and forced Mexico to turn over much of its northern territory of U.S. |
Gadsden Purchase | U.S. government paid Mexico $10 million, in exchange U.S. recieved southern parts of Arizona |
John Sutter | A Swiss immigrant who started a colony |
Donner Party | A group of western travelers who went to California but were stranded in the Sierra Nevada Mountains during winter |
Forty Niners | Gold seeking migrants to California |
Prospect | Search for gold |
Placer Miners | Used pans or other devices to wash gold nuggets out of loose rock and gravel |