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B-review Anat
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Embryologically gave rise to dorsal and ventral mm? | Dorsal = epimericVentral = hypomeric |
| bones from endochondral ossification | all BUT clavicle and flat bones of skull...these are intramembranous |
| gubernaculum in males becomes | scrotal lig. |
| gubernaculum in females become | suspensory lig of ovary, ovarian lig., round lig of uterus |
| embriclogically gives ise to adranal medulla | neuro crest cells of ectoderm |
| Embriologically forms tube structures | endoderm |
| ebriologically forms skin | surface ectoderm |
| embriologically forms adrenal cortex | lateral plate mesoderm |
| embriologically forms kidneys | intermediate urogenital mesoderm |
| responsible for voice production | glottis |
| oblique line of thyroid cart. provides attachment for | inferior constrictor of pharynx, sternothyroidthyrohyoid |
| stenson's duct | parotid gland (2nd molar) |
| wharton's duct | submandibular |
| bartholin's duct | sublingual |
| wirsungs duct | main pancratic |
| santorini duct | accessory pancreatic |
| chief cells secrete | pepsinogen |
| parietal cells aka and secretions | oxnytic...HCl, Intrinsic Factor |
| argentaffin cells | seratonin |
| Found in the Carotid triangle of the anterior neck from lateral to medial | internal jugular veincarotidarteryvagus nerve |
| contents of the subocciital triangle | suboccipital nervevertebral artery |
| aka for suboccipital nerve | dorsal primary ramus of C1 |
| nerve that appears inferior to SOT | greater occipital nerve |
| retroperioneal organs | kidney, adrenalspancreascolon (ascending/descending), duodenumAorta, IVC |
| Foramen of winslow | Epiglotic foramen...bwteen greater/lesser peritoneal sacs |
| center organ for mediastinum... | heart....other parts are anterior middle superior posteriors |
| Portion of mediastinum the thymus os located in | Anterior and superior |
| mm found in the atria of heart | pectinate |
| mm walls in ventricles of heart | papillary mm |
| lung lobe with horizontal fissure...at what level | right...T6 or 4th rib anteriorly |
| rotator cuff mm innervated by suprascapular nerve | supraspinatus, infraspinatus |
| rotator cuff mm innervated by axillary n. | teres minor |
| rotator cuff mm innervated by subscapular n | subscapularis |
| rotator cuff mm inserted on the lesser tub | subscpularis |
| contents of the quadrangular space of the arm | posterior humeral circumflex arteryaxillary nerve |
| contents of the triangular space of the arm | circumflex scapular artery |
| contents of the triangular interval of the arm | profunda brachii arteryradial nerve |
| borders of triangular interval | teres major,longheadoftricepsmedialhead of triceps |
| what is found above and below the transverse scapular ligament | above: suprascapular arterybelow: suprascapular nerve |
| contents of the carpal tunnel | 4 flexor digitorum profundus4 flexor digitorum superficiallis1 flexor policus longusmedian nerve |
| mm to unlock the knee | popliteus...medial rot of tibia |
| what peirces diaphram and at what level | T8 inferior vena cava...central tendonT10 esophagus...T12 Aorta... |
| Crus of the diaphram at what levels? | R-L1-3L- L1-2 |
| Arrcuate ligaments of diaphram contain: | medial = psoas fascialateral= quadratus fasciaMedian = aorta? |
| name the 4 fontanels of the skull in order from first to close to last to close | lambda...2 monthpterion...3 monthsasterion...1 yrbregma...2 yr |
| bones form the orbit | frontal, maxillary, lacrimal, sphenoidethmoid, zygomatic, palatine |
| what cranial bones do not articulate with the keystone bone of the skull? | sphenoid....nasal, mandible, lacrimal, inferior nasal conchamalleus, stapes, incus |
| in the vetebral segment, what makes up the neural arch? | 2 pedicles and 2 lamina |
| vertebral level the vertebral artery stops traveling through the transverse foramen | does not go through at C7...but the vertebral vein does! |
| lumbar vertebra superior facets face? | concaved and face posteriormedial |
| lumbar vertebra inferior facets face? | convex and face anterolateral |
| posterior longitudinal ligament of spine is continuous with what other ligament | tectorial membrane (clivus to C1) |
| supraspinatous ligament attaches? | tips of spinous processes C7-S1 |
| supraspinatous ligament is continuous with what? | ligamentum Nuchae (EOP-C7) |
| ligament connecting adjecent lamina | Ligamentum flavum...elastic fibers...yellow |
| number of ribs articulating with the manubrium...body of sternum....and sternum | m: 4b: 12s: 14 |
| bones form the orbit | frontal, maxillary, lacrimal, sphenoidethmoid, zygomatic, palatine |
| what cranial bones do not articulate with the keystone bone of the skull? | sphenoid....nasal, mandible, lacrimal, inferior nasal conchamalleus, stapes, incus |
| in the vetebral segment, what makes up the neural arch? | 2 pedicles and 2 lamina |
| vertebral level the vertebral artery stops traveling through the transverse foramen | does not go through at C7...but the vertebral vein does! |
| lumbar vertebra superior facets face? | concaved and face posteriormedial |
| lumbar vertebra inferior facets face? | convex and face anterolateral |
| posterior longitudinal ligament of spine is continuous with what other ligament | tectorial membrane (clivus to C1) |
| supraspinatous ligament attaches? | tips of spinous processes C7-S1 |
| supraspinatous ligament is continuous with what? | ligamentum Nuchae (EOP-C7) |
| ligament connecting adjecent lamina | Ligamentum flavum...elastic fibers...yellow |
| number of ribs articulating with the manubrium...body of sternum....and sternum | m: 4b: 12s: 14 |
| mm attached to the coracoid process | pec minorshort head brachiicoracobrachialis |
| what articulates with the capitulum? | capitulum = lateral notch of distal ulnaarticulates with head of radius |
| contents of the cubital fossa of arm | tendon of biceps brachiibrachial arterymedian nerve |
| proximal row of carpals medial to lateral | pisiformtriquetrallunatescaphoid |
| distal row of carpals medial to latersl | hamatecapitatetrapezoidtrapezium |
| Greater and lesser tubercle on humerusgreater and lesser trochanter on femur | lesser is anterior, mediallesser is posterior, medial, inferior |
| metacarpals articulating with hamate | 5 and 4 |
| carpal bone articulating with the 3rd metacarpal | capitate |
| three types of fiberous joints | suture...scullsyndesmosis...interosseous membranegomphoses...teeth |
| type of joint in epiphyseal plates costochondral articfirst rib and manubrium | primary cartilaginoussynchondrosis |
| joint class for IVD'ssymphysis pubismanubriosternal | secondary cartilaginoussymphysisamphiarthrosis |
| type of material in cartilaginous joints (primary and secondary) | 1=hyalin bone-hyaline cart-bone2= bone-hyaline-fibrocart-hyaline-bone |
| classify the elbow joint | uniaxialhingeginglymus |
| classify the atlantoaxial joint | uniaxialpivottrochoid |
| clasify the zygapophyseal joint, SI,sternocostal | uniaxialgliding jointplane |
| classifythe metacarpophalangealjointknee joint | biaxialcondyloidellipsoidal |
| classify the thumb jointsterno clavicular | biaxialsaddlesellar joint |
| classify the shoulder joint | multiaxialballand socketspheroid |
| NT at the Neuromuscular junction and classification of receptor | ACH...nicotinic |
| term for one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates | motor unit |
| muscle(s) to depress mandible | lateral pterygoid digastricplatysma |
| extrinsic eye muscle innervations | SO4 LR6 All else3 |
| brachial plexus travels between what mm and what follows with it | anterior and middle scalenephrenic nerve |
| lateral border of snuff box | adductor pollicis longusextensor pollicis brevis |
| medial border of snuff box | extensor pollicis longus |
| mm attached to lesser trochanter of femur | ilicuspsoas |
| mm with dual innervation of upper extremity | subscap (upper and lower subscap)pec major (med and lat pec)brachialis (mc and radial)flexor digitorum profundus (med and ulnar) |
| mm with dual innervation of lower extremity | pectineus (femoral, obturator)adductor magnus (obturator, tibial)biceps femoris (common peroneal, tibial)peroneus (superficial, deep peroneal nerves) |
| mm attached to mastoid process | SCMdigastricsplenius capitislongissimus capitis |
| mm laterally rotate humerus | infraspinatussupraspinatus teres minor deloid |
| mm medially rotate humerus | subscapularis teres major pec major deltoid |
| location of cephalic vein in arm | between triceps and biceps runs over pec minor and major |
| subclavian artery changes to axillary where? | after it passes under clavicle |
| the axillary artery is split into 3 parts by what landmark? | 1=before pec minor2= under pec minor3= once it passes pec minor |
| cephalic vein empties into what? where? | Axillary veinafter it passes over pec minor |
| basilic vein becomes what?when? | axillary vein at lower margin of teres major |
| mm attached to medial epicondyle of humerus | flexor carpi radialis palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris flexor digitorum superficialis pronator teres |
| mm attached to lateral epicondyle of humerus | brachioradialus brevis Supinator Extensor carpi rad longus extensor carpi rad brevis extensor carpi ulnaris extensor digitorum communis extensor digiti minimi |
| mm to flex elbow | brachialis biceps brachii brachioradialis pronator teres |
| mm attached to ASIS | tensor fasciae latae sartorius inguinal lig |
| dually innervated mm of upper extremity | digastric (CN5and7)trapssubscapularis pec major brachialis |
| mm on greater tubricle of humerus lateral to medial | supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor (all lateral rotators) |
| mm to remove to see suboccipital triangle | semispinalis capitis splenius capitis trapezium |
| nerves to diaphrahm | phrenic C3,4,5 "C3,4,5 to keep diaphram alive" |
| contraction of diaphrahm with ___ thoracic volume and ____ intrathoracic pressure | increase decrease |
| termination of the posterior rectus sheath below this ling most abdominal hernias occur | arcuate line |
| location of the arcuate line | 1/2 way between umbilicus and pubis...iliac crest |
| inguinal ligament is a continuation of what | external abdominal oblique |
| cremaster m continuation of what | internal abdominal oblique |
| erector spinae from medial to lateral | spinalis longissimus iliocostalis |
| mm with tendonous band in it | semispinalis capitis rectus abdominus |
| what suspends spinal cord within dural sac | denticulate ligaments |
| lateral horn of spinal cord carries what type of information and is found at what level of spinal cord? | GVET1-L2 |
| number of spinal nerves | 31 pair |
| bell-magendie law | dorsal root = sensory infoventral root = motor info |
| medial and lateral branches of dorsal rami innervate what? | medial; superior to T6 sensory inferior to T6 motorLateral; visa versa |
| what connects spinal nerve to paravertebral ganglia and where is it found? | white rami of ANS....only T1-L2 |
| connects paravertebral ganglia to spinal nerve and where is it located | gray rami...all throughout spinal cord |
| cervical plexus is formed by what? | ventral rami of spinal nerves (sensory only) |
| what is the ansa cervicalis located on? and what nerves make it up? | c1-3 found over internal jugular vein |
| what is the phrenic nerve found on? and what nerves make it up? | C3-5anterior scalene |
| nerves of posterior neck from medial to lateral | 3rd occipital greater occipital lesser occipital greater auricular |
| Cords of the brachial plexus are named according to association with what? | axillary artery |
| nerve innervates the short head of biceps femoris | common peroneal...not tibial |
| location of parasympathetic neurons | brain stem and sacral segments S2-4 |
| sympathetic stim of T1-4 targets | head, heart, lungs |
| sympathetic stim of T3-6 targets | upper limbs |
| sympathetic stim of T4-9 targets | abdominal viscera |
| sympathetic stim of T8-L1 targets | adrenal gland |
| sympathetic stim of T11-L2 targets | urinary bladder, prostate, reproductive organs |
| no parasympathetic input to | sweat glands arrector pili mm sm mm in blood vessels of skin/sk mm upper/lower limbs |
| parasymp ganglia for CN 3 | edinger westphall nucleusin midbrain |
| parasymp ganglia for CN 7 | superior salivatory nuc located in pons |
| parasymp ganglia for CN 9 | inferior salivatory nucleus located in medulla |
| parasymp ganglia for cN 10 | dorsal motor nucleus of vagus beneath floor of fourth ventricle...medulla |
Created by:
espindler
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