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History 25 terms
terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Grandfather Clause | rule that required potential voters to demonstrate that their grandfathers had been eligible to vote, to prevent black men from voting |
| Grange | national organization of the farm owners formed after the civil war |
| Jim Crow Laws | segregation laws that became widespread |
| NAACP | Nation Accosication for thr Advancement of Colored People, interracial organization dedicated to restoring african american political and social rights |
| Plessy vs. Ferguson | Supreme court decision holding that Louisana railroad segregation law did not violate the constitution as long as the railroads or the state provided equal accommodations |
| Populist Party | a major 3rd party of the 1890's, formed on the basis of the souther farmers Alliance and other organizations mounting electoral challenges against Democrats in the South and the Republicans in the west |
| Segregation | system of racial control that separated the races, initially by custom but increasingly by law, during and after reconstruction |
| WCTV | Woman's Christian Temperance Union-woman's organization whose members visited schools to educate children about the evils of alcohol, addressed prisoners, and blanketed men's meeting with literature |
| Horizontal Integration | merger of competitors in the same industry |
| Vertical Integration | the merger of many production functions from the extractions of the raw materials to the distribution and marketing of the finished products, under the direction of one firm |
| American Federation of Law | AFL, union formed that organized skilled workers along craft lines and emphasized a few workplace issues rather than a broad social program |
| Gilded Age | term applied to late 19th century america that refers to the shallow display and worship of wealth characteristic of the period |
| Collective Bargaining | representatives of union negotiating with management on behalf of all members |
| Social Darwinism | application of Darwin's theory of biological evolution to society, holding that the fittest and wealthiest survive, the weak and the poor fail, and government action is unable to alter this "natural" and beneficial process |
| Battle of Little Big Horn | battle in which colonial George A Custer and the 7th Calvary were defeated by the Sioux and Cheyennes under sitting Bull and crazy horse in Montana |
| Dawes Act | law terminating tribal ownership of land and allotting some parcels of land to individual Indians with the remainder opened for white settlements |
| Homestead Act | law providing homesteaders with 160 acres of free land in exchange for improving the land within 5 years of the grant |
| Free Silver | philosophy that the government should expand the money supply by purchasing and coining all the silver offered to to it |
| Granger laws | state laws enacted in the Midwest in the 1870's that regulated rates charged by railroads, grain elevator operators, and other middle men |
| Interstate Commerse Act | the 1887 law that expanding federal power over business by prohibiting pooling and discriminatory rates by railroads and establishing the first federal regulatory agency |
| ICC | Interstate commerce Comminssion, the 1st federal regulatory agency, established in 1887 to oversee railroad practices |
| Laussez-faire | doctrine that government shouldn't intervene in the economy, especially through regulation |
| Mugwumps | elitist and conservative reformers who favored sound money and limited government and opposed tariffs and the spoils system |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | the 1st federal antitrust measure, passed in 1890; sought to promote economic competition by prohibiting business combinations in restraint of trade or commerce |
| Sound Money | misleading slogan that referred to a conservative policy of restricting the money supply and adhering to gold standard |
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