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Neuro Approaches
Main Neurological approaches even if they're old
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| NDT | Focus is on normalization of movement patterns, weight shifts / weight bearing, righting/equilibrium reactions, and BILATERAL movement patterns. Primary intervention is handling. |
| PNF | Diagonal 1: crosses HIGH Diagonal 2: crosses LOW. "Manual Contacts" - hand over agonist to facilitate response. Quick stretching in opposite direction to for contraction. Traction/manual seperation -(NOT done in extension)promote movement (-stiffness). A |
| PNF specific techniques for AGONISTS | Repeated contractions (increase ROM and endurance). Rhythmic INITIATION (improve movement - passive then active). |
| PNF specific techniques for ANTAGONISTS | Slow reversals (to gain ROM - alternating isotonic contractions). Rhythmic STABILIZATION (simultaneous isometric contraction - promotes stability) |
| PNF Relaxation techniques | CONTRACT-Relax (increase ROM) isometric contraction then PROM by therapist. HOLD-Relax (increase mobility) isometric contraction of antagonist then AROM of agonist. RHYTHMIC Rotation (to reduce restriction during ROM) slow/gently-then larger. |
| Brunnstrom | 7 stages of healing/spasticity 1=flaccid-no movement, 2=min vol. movement, 3=marked spacticity-vol. synergy, 4=deviat from synergy, 5=differ greatly from synergy, 6=isolated muscle contractions and 7=normal movement |
| Rood-Techniques to facilitate both stimulation and relaxation of muscle(s). | Faciliation: fast brushing, tapping, vibration (100-300cyc/min), icing, heavy joint compressions. Relaxation: gentle rocking, slow stroking, rolling, prolonged pressure to tendon in insertion, maintained stretch, prolonged icing and wrap in blanket. |
| ROOD Principle assumption and phases of motor control. | Principle: tx must begin at person's current level of progress. Phases of motor control: 1.Reciprocal inhibition/innervation 2.Cocontraction 3.Heavy work (mobility on stability -distal segment fixed) 4. Skill (Combined mobility/stability-distal movement). |
| Associated Reactions | involuntary movement of affected side to match voluntary movement of less affected side - "overflow" |
| Crossed Extension | One leg flexed and one leg extended. Passive flexion of extended leg = extension of flexed leg (with internal rotation and adduction). |
| Reflex Reaction Location on Brainstem | Righting reactions - high brainstem. Tonic labrynthian - lower brainstem. |
Created by:
hesselrach
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