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Industrialization
IR Flashcards
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Where did the IR take place in? | Europe & America |
Where did manufacturing take place before the IR? | In People's homes |
List four industries strongly influenced by the IR. | Iron production,Textiles,Communication,and Banking |
What sort of new engine provided power for the IR? | The Steam Engine |
Who were the Luddites. | They were people who opposed the use of new machines because They eliminated people's jobs |
Why did England become the birthplace of the IR? | It had deposits of coal and iron and stable society with colonies |
What role did England’s colonies play in that country’s IR. | They were a source of raw materials and provided a market for England's manufactured goods |
What are textiles? | The manufacturing of peoples cloth and their clothing |
What freedom did workers give up in moving from a cottage industry in textiles, to factory produced textiles? | Setting their own work hours and work conditions |
Who invented a cheap method for making steel? | Henry Bessemer |
-Two major improvements in transportation during the Industrial Revolution. | The steamship and the steam locomotive |
Which class benefited from the Industrial Revolution the most? | The middle and the upper classes |
The century during which the IR began. | the 18th century |
What was the skill level of the average worker before and after the IR? | Very high |
Where was most work done before and after the IR? | In people's homes |
What material was used for fuel before and after the IR? | Before it was wood and after it was water and steam |
Who or what set the pace of work before and after the IR? | Before they worked at there own pace but after at the pace of the machines |
What level of productivity was achieved before and after the IR? | Before it was low productivity and after it was high |
What is industrialization? | The process in which a society or country transforms itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the manufacturing of goods and services |
What is mechanization? | the process of changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to doing that work with machinery |
What is productivity? | the state or quality of producing something |
Who invented an improved steam engine that powered the IR? | James Watt |