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Ch 9 and 10 History
Mrs. Phillips Pre-AP Ch9 and Ch10 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| inaugurated | sworn in |
| precedent | an example that would become standard practiCe; example 1- George WaShington added "so help me god" at the end of the oath of office, and every president since has said that; example 2- peaceful transition of power |
| cabinet | the heads of the departments created to help the president lead the nation |
| judiciary | systems of courts and judges |
| tariff | a tax on imported goods which served 2 purposes: raising money for the gov; encouraging the growth of the american industry |
| strict construction | narrow or strict interpretation of the constitution |
| loose construction | broad or flexible interpretation of the constitution |
| trans-appalachian west | the land between the appalachian mountains and the mississippi river |
| neutral | not siding with one country or another |
| foreign policy | relations with the government of other countries |
| political parties | a group of people that tries to promote its ideas and influence government |
| sedition | saying or writing anything false or harmful about the government |
| nullification | the idea that a state could nullify (invalidate) the federal law within the state |
| state's rights | states had rights that the federal governments could not violate |
| federal judiciary act | helped create a court system and gave the supreme court 6 members |
| whiskey rebellion | a 1794 protest against the governments tax on whiskey which was valuable to the livelihooed of backcountry farmers. The stop to this rebellion proved that the federal was strong (P. 285) |
| French revolution | in 1789, the french launched a movement for liberty and equality. It was ended by Napoleons dictatorship (P.285) |
| XYZ affair | in 1797, the french officials demanded a bribe from US diplomats. The americans found this offensive, and said that they would pay more to go to war, than pay a little bit to honor france (P.290) |
| alien and sedition acts | a series of 4 laws enacted in 1789 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants to the US during John Adam's presidency. (p.290) |
| john adams | 1st vp; 2nd president; inaugurated in 1797; 1st president to live in the white house; federalist; signed the alien and sedition acts |
| john jay | a cheif justice sent to england to talk about the seizure of US ships and to persuade the british to give up their forts on the Northwest frontier |
| Anthony Wayne | also known as "mad anthony" for his reckless courage; lead army west in 1791 and defeated native americans in the battle of fallen timbers |
| little turtle | led the victory against the first federal army in 1790; later advised other cheifs to negotiate |
| louis XVI | king of france; executed in 1793 due to the french revolution |
| Queen Marie Antoinette | queen of france; executed due to the french revolution; was insensitive to the peasants of france |
| henry knox | leader of the war dept. because he was a trusted general during the revolution |
| thomas jefferson | leader of the state dept. because he served as a US minister to france |
| alexander hamilton | leader of the treasury dept. because he served as one of washington's aides |
| edmund randolph | leader of the justice dept. because he was attonrney general of virginia |
| war dept. | oversees the nation;s defenses |
| state dept. | oeversees relations between the US and other countries |
| treasury dept. | manages government money |
| justice dept. | advised the government on legal matters |
| treaty of greenville | tribes agreed to cede much of present day ohio; result of the battle of fallen timbers which the americans won |
| jay's treaty | british agreed to pay damages for seized US vessles and also agreed to leave the ohio valley by 1796; the agreements were never fulfilled |
| pickney's treaty | gave the americans the right to travel freely on the mississippi river; gave the right to store goods at the port of new orleans without paying customs duties |
| convention of 1800 | agreement to stop all naval attacks |
| isolationism | the idea of remaining isolated, or neutral, introduced by George Washington |
| economic freedom | the freedom to choose your own job |
| economic incentives | negative and positive effects of your economic choices that motivate an individual, overall making the economy stronger |
| private property | everyone owns their own property and take care of it better than public property |
| competition | ensures that businesses are consumer oriented, there are affordable pricesm and that their is more variety in products |
| supply and demand | As demand for an item increases, prices rise. When manufacturers respond to the price increase by producing a larger supply of that item, this increases competition and drives the price down. |
| limited government interference | some government interference such as supporting large essential companies when needed and setting rules such as child labor laws |
| excise tax | the tax is built into the price of the item; example- cigarettes |
| nickname of the war of 1812 | Mr.Madison's War |
| president during the war of 1812 | James Madison |
| Year(s) the war of 1812 took place in | 1812-1814 |
| Winner of Battle of Thames | Americans led by William Henry Harrison |
| who saved the declaration of independence when the white house burned? | dolley madison (president james madison's wife) |
| While watching which battle did Francis Scott Key write the poem that would later become our national anthem? | battle of baltimore at Fort McHenry |
| what battle takes place after the treaty ending the war of 1812 is agreed upon? | the battle of new orleans |
| who lEADS the pirates at the battle of new orleans and helps general andrew jackson? | jean lafitte |
| who is the general at the battle of new orleans? | general andrew jackson |
| who wins the battle of new orleans, and what are the casualties? | american victory; about 70 americans lost, about 2000 british lost |
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is2903
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