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History 5-2 & 5-3
US History Study Guide 5-2 & 5-3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Popular Sovereignty | A referendum vote on an issue…the issue back then was always slavery, this was the idea of Sen. Lewis Cass. |
| Lewis Cass | A senator from Michigan who was nominated by Democrats for the election of 1848. He came up with the idea of Popular Sovereignty. |
| Wilmot Proviso | This was the idea of David Wilmot. He was an Abolitionist. The Proviso said any territory acquired from Mexico would be a “Free” (no slavery) |
| Rep. David Wilmot | A representative from Pennsylvania who came up with the idea of the Wilmot Proviso. |
| Election of 1848 | During this presidential election the candidates tried to keep away from the idea of slavery. The major nominees were Lewis Cass and Zachary Taylor. |
| Zachary Taylor | 12th president of the US. He was elected in the Election of 1848. He was elected because he was a war hero from the Mexican-American War. |
| Gold | In 1848, gold was discovered in California - The gold was found at Sutter’s Mill (the property of John Sutter) by James Marshall - On the American River - They were building a sawmill -This led to the “Gold Rush” |
| 49ers | This was what the miners of the gold were called. |
| Compromise of 1850 | A slavery compromise. Henry Clay's idea -California came in as a “free state” -Utah and New Mexico would decide the slavery question by popular sovereignty. -The slave trade was outlawed in Washington DC - A tougher fugitive slave law passed. |
| 3 Great Senators | During the Era 1810-1850 there were 3 major spokesmen (people that speak for others) in the North, South and West. |
| Daniel Webster | from Massachusetts, the North’s spokesperson |
| John C Calhoun | From Kentucky the “Great Compromiser” the West’s spokesperson |
| Henry Clay | from Kentucky the “Great Compromiser” the North’s spokesperson |
| Fugitive Slave Law | The part of the Compromise of 1850 that stated that all escaped slaves would be returned to their masters. |
| Stephen A Douglas | A politician that came up with the Kansas-Nebraska act. He also debated Lincoln in the senate election of 1858. He won that election, but lost the presidential election 2 years later |
| Eli Whitney | He invented the cotton gin and came up with the idea of interchangeable parts, which he used for guns. |
| Cotton Gin | An invention by Eli Whitney, it cleaned cotton more quickly than by hand. |
| John Deere | He invented the steel plow, which helped the settlers when they moved West into the Ohio valley. |
| Cyrus McCormick | He invented the horse drawn reaper, which cuts wheat |
| Joseph Glidden | He invented barbed wire, which helped settlers move West and keep their livestock on their property. |
| Slavery | Slavery started in America in 1619. The first slaves came to America on a Dutch ship. The first slaves were indentured servants. Most white people in the South did not own slaves! Slavery was an economic system. The “best” slaves were 13-year old girls |
| Uncle Tom’s Cabin | A book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, she lived in Brunswick Maine. The book was about the life of a slave and showed how hard a slave’s life was. |
| Abolitionists | Abolitionists are people that wanted to “abolish” (get rid of…stop) slavery. Most of the abolitionists were religious people |
| William Lloyd Garrison | An abolitionist, the publisher of the “The Liberator” newspaper |
| Harriet Tubman | An abolitionist, the conductor of the Underground Railroad |
| Frederick Douglas | An abolitionist, an escaped slave, he published the newspaper “The North Star” |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | This was Stephen A Douglas' idea in 1854. It overturned the Missouri Compromise and opened up Louisiana territory to possible slavery. The slavery question was decided by “popular sovereignty” This started a “mini” civil war in Kansas |
| “Bleeding Kansas” | The nickname of the “mini” civil war in Kansas. |
| Beecher’s Bibles | Were the name given to the rifles that were supplied to the anti-slavery immigrants in Kansas. |
| Pottawatomie Creek Massacre | In 1854 Brown led the Pottawatomie Creek Massacre in Kansas during the mini-civil war |
| John Brown | Was a fanatical abolitionist. He led the Pottawatomie Creek Massacre and the raid on Harpers Ferry |
Created by:
History Mr. Thompson
Popular U.S. History sets