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Subluxation Theories
Theories in Chiropractic
| Theory | Explanation |
|---|---|
| philosophy | pursuit of wisdom and search for a general understanding of values |
| aesthetics | study of creation and the principles of art and beauty |
| epistemlogy | study of nature, basis and the extent of knowledge |
| ethics | study of human conduct, character, and values |
| logic | study of principles and methods of reasoning |
| metaphysics | study of fundamental nature and reality and existence |
| composition | critical rationalism, conservation, naturalism, vitalism and holism |
| conservation | doctrine that promotes the maintenance of traditional institutions and supports with minimal and gradual change in society |
| critical rationalism | belief that systems of thought can be rationally criticized although concrete proof is impossible |
| holism | belief that in nature, living organisms as a whole are better than a sum of their parts |
| naturalism | belief that posits a particular picture of reality and existence that typically excludes the supernatural |
| vitalism | the functions of a living organism are due to a vital essence distinct from physiochemical forces and that the processes of life are not explicable be the known laws of physics and chemistry alone |
| neural compression / traction hypothesis | DD Palmer. compression interrupts the nerve's action potentials causing hyperesthesia and nerve irritation in the acute phase and decreased sensation and nerve impulse in the chronic phase. irritation and movement can traction nerve roots |
| axoplasmic abberation/ trophic hypothesis | cytoplasm around the axon flow/transport is altered when nerves are irritated or comprised. Transport of proteins, glycoproteins, and neurotransmitters occur anterograde (forward nutrients, nerve growth *faster) retrograde(backward removal of waste |
| Cord compression hypothesis | BJ Palmer only place compressed occipital-atlanto-axial area. Subluxation can effect brain stem. Traction of dura by dentate ligaments or aberrant muscle fibers from RCPMinor attached to spinal dura.Grostic dentate ligs adversely effect neural impulses |
| proprioceptive insult/ segmental facilitation hypothesis | Korr, fixed vert segment activates mechanoreceptors and nociceptors which cause hyperactivity of sensory nerve fibers. lower threshold for firing neurons. Muscle spasm, abnormal reflexes, lowered skin resistance, increased vasomotor & sudomotor activity |
| somatoautonomic reflex hypothesis | receptors activated by subluxation can cause a somatic response or autonomic response |
| neuroimmunomodulation (neurodystrophic) hypothesis | neural dysfunction is stressful to the body and can modify the immune response, altering nerve function. Decreases lymphatic function increases illness. Selye's General adaptation theory |
| General adaptation syndrome | Selye. body's response to acute stress by increasing immune response and decreasing response to chronic stress. Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion |
| Vascular inefficiency/ vertebral basilar artery insufficiency hypothesis | Cervical subluxations may cause distortion or compression of the vertebral arteries effecting cerebral blood flow. Correction restores health. |
| Inflammation hypothesis | acute of chronic inflammation could cause patient to develop spinal articular lesions in response to release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine. Inflamed tissue produces eicosanoids, cytokines, nitrous oxide, and Substance P--> swelling, pain |
| Vertebral subluxation complex VSC hypothesis | Faye. segmental dysfunction progresses to intervertebral subluxation and spinal degeneration. |
| Gate theory of pain | Wall and Melzack 1965. large afferent (mechanoreceptors) fibers may inhibit small afferent (pain) fibers in dorsal horn. Adjustment-->mechanoreceptors stimulated-->inhibitory neurons-->substantia gelatinous-->suppress nociception to thalamus. Pain relief |
Created by:
polystachya
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