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US/VA Unit 1 Vocab
Early Exploration, Settlements and Early Colonial Life
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cavaliers | English nobles who were granted land in the New World |
| Columbian Exchange | The exchange of goods and products between the Old World (Europe) and the New World (the Americas) |
| economic opportunity | an opportunity to make a profit; the reason Jamestown was established |
| General Assembly | Current name for the House of Burgesses |
| Great Awakening | Religious movement that challenged religious and government authorities. |
| House of Burgesses | First freely elected assembly in the New World |
| indentured servants | poor people who agreed to work on plantations for 5-7 years in exchange for passage from Europe |
| Jamestown | Established in 1607, was the first permanent English settlement |
| Mayflower Compact | established the principle of majority rule in the colony and included ideas of direct democracy |
| Middle Atlantic | settled by English, Dutch and German-speaking immigrants seeking religious freedom and economic opportunity |
| Middle Passage | the voyage of enslaved Africans from Africa to the New World; part of Triangular Trade |
| plantations | large-scale agricultural system in the southern colonies; included the growing of cash crops such as rice, indigo and tobacco |
| Puritans | fled religious persecution in England and settled in New England; were often intolerant of other religious views |
| Quebec | a French colony in what is now Canada |
| religious dissenters | people who do not agree with the majority or popular religion of a region |
| subsistence farming | type of agriculture that allows farmers to grow enough food to feed their families |
| The Enlightenment | Time period that saw the development of new ideas about the rights of people and their relationship with their rulers |
| Town meeting | a form of direct democracy often associated with the New England colonies |
| Virginia Company of London | founded the first permanent English settlement in the New World |
| Ferdinand Magellan | First known exporer to circle the globe |
| Christopher Colubus | Italian explorer who sailed on behalf of Spain |
| Pedro Alvares Cabral | Discovered Brazilian coast in 1500 |
| John Cabot | English-funded explorer who sailed to Newfoundland |
| Amerigo Vespucci | Namesake of Western Hemisphere continents |
| Hernan Cortes | Spanish explorer who conquered modern-day Cuba and Mexico |
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