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Ancient Egypt
vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hieroglyphics | pictograph and phonogram form of Egyptian writing |
| Dynasty | rulers that that are blood related |
| Papyrus | reed from the Nile River used for making paper. Also eaten by poor Egyptians in salads. |
| Embalming | Process of preparing a dead body for mummification in Egypt. Started as a way to preserve the body of the Pharaoh for the afterlife. |
| Pyramid | Stone tomb created in the Old Kingdom for the afterlife of the Pharaoh. |
| Cataract | Rapid, rocky, impassable areas along the Nile River. There are six cataracts along the Nile. |
| Pharaoh | Ruler of Egypt. Means "Great House" |
| Scribe | Males who could read and write. The scribe's education took 12 years to complete. |
| Kemet | Egyptian name for "Black Land" which stands for the fertile soil found along the Nile River. |
| Polytheism | The belief in many gods. |
| Kush Kingdom\Kushites | People once called Nubia or Nubians. Conquered Egypt for 70 years. Coped much of the Egyptian way life. |
| Upper and Lower Egypt | Once Kingdoms, united by Menes (Narmer). Upper Egypt found around the 2nd cataract (south) of the Nile. Lower Egypt found around the Nile Delta. |
| Social Hierarchy\ Social Structure | Usually in the shape of a pyramid. Division based on social classes, education, jobs, etc. |
| Natural Barriers of the Nile River | Marshes around the Delta, cataracts in the South, Deserts in the West and East. |
| Old Kingdom | Also called the Age of Pyramids. Building of the pyramids, ended because of nobles quarreling, and economic woes. |
| Middle Kingdom | Large irrigation and canal projects, time of prosperity, time of arts and literature. Time of prosperity and stability. |
| New Kingdom | Also called Age of Empires. Expanding trade, tributes, expansion of land and building projects. |
| Gift of the Nile | The River provides life to Egypt. No Nile No Egypt. |
| Iron Weapon | Egypt had no iron ore, must trade to get. Enemies with iron weapons defeated Egypt ending the New Kingdom. |
| King Khufu | The Great Pyramid of Giza was built as a tomb for this Pharaoh. |
| Hatshepsut | Female Pharaoh during the New Kingdom. She expanded trade to Punt (Ethiopia). Brought wealth to Egypt through trade. |
| Ramses II | Expanded Egypt's Empire from Nubia to Syria. Military strategist. Rebuilt Thebes, Sphinx, built the city Pi-Ramses. Had 100+ children and 60 wives. |
| King Tut | New Kingdom Pharaoh. Famous for tomb being undisturbed when found by Dr. Howard Cater in 1922. |
| Akhenaten (started as Amenhotep IV changed name to honor Aten) | Pharaoh that changed Egypt from polytheism to monotheism for a brief period, Made Aten the one god. |
| Bassett | God of the Cats. Cats worshipped as gods, Kept rodents away from the grain. Owners shaved one eye brow as a way to show morning for a dead cat. |
| Inventions of Egypt | 1st medical book (experts) Astronomy, Mathematics (used 10 base ) 365 day calendar with 12 months Embalming process |
| Buildings/monuments | Pyramids Temples Obelisks (point tower) |
| Economy | Based on agriculture and trade collect taxes/tributes |
| Government | Ruled by a Pharaoh (absolute monarchy) |
| Hyksos | From the Middle East area. Conquered Egypt (Delta) using chariots and iron weapons. Ended the Middle Kingdom/re |
| Red Lands | Refers to the deserts because the land is hot (temperature) |
Created by:
jsmith81
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