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APUSH
CH. 23
| Food for Thought | Significance |
|---|---|
| Samuel "Roxy" Rothapfel | theater designer |
| Warren G. Harding | 1920 Election "return to normalcy" |
| 1920s-Postwar prsoperity | increase in production and wages, with decrease in average work week; unevenly distributed prosperity, leading to the Great Depression |
| Second Industrial Revolution | industrial output increases to 70 percent in 1929; electrical engines replace steam powered ones; increase building construction |
| Modern Corporation | Alfred P. Sloan of GM and Owen D. Young of Radio Corp. of America |
| successful corp. were those that led in three key areas: | integration of production and distribution; product diversification, and expansion of industrial research |
| Brand name buying | oligopoly: General Electric, Westinghouse, Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company (A&P) |
| welfare capitalism | a paternalistic system of labor relations emphasizing management responsibility for employee well-being. |
| open shop | employees were discouraged to join unions |
| William Green | predecessor of Samuel Gompers of the AFL |
| Auto Age | Henry Ford and GM; stimulated public spending, set new wage scale, leisurely transit, urban suburban growth |
| Growth of cities and suburbs | Great Migration + auto industry |
| Struggling Agriculturalists | 1914-19: "Golden Age" for farmers |
| McNary-Haugen Farm Relief bill of 1927 | series of complicated measures designed to prop up and stabilize farm prices; gov't bought surplus and stored them until prices rose or sell them on the world market; vetoed by President Coolidge |
| Ida Watkins "The Wheat Queen" | Some farmers prospered as they intertwined their industry with the growing use of easier transportation and better technology |
| Coal Mines struggled | new methods of energy resulted in less demand for coal |
| textile industry shrink | synthetic fibers (like rayon) becomes more popular than cotton, etc. |
| New Mass Culture | movies; radio; journalism; advertising; phonograph/recording industry; sports/celebrity; |
| The Jazz Singer | Warner Brothers's 1927 hit which fully introduced sound |
| RCA, AT&T, GE, Westinghouse, etc. | dominant corporations in the radio broadcasting industry |
| NBC (1926); CBS (1928) | radio networks |
| Amos 'n' Andy Show (1928) | first truly national radio hit |
| the tabloid | developed by Joseph m. Patterson of The New York Daily News in 1919 |
| Walter Winchell | invented gossip column |
| Sports and Celebrity | The Pittsburgh Crawfords: most popular and successful baseball teams in the NNL |
| William K. Wrigley | Owner of the Cubs |
| Mae West | presented her original play "The Drag" on Broadway |
| Margaret Sanger | Birth Control Review |
| Sigmund Freud, Havelock Ellis, Ellen Key | central role of sexuality in human experience |
| 18th Amendment repealed by the 20th Amendment in 1921 | concerning prohibition |
| Volstead Act 1919 | est. Federal Prohibition Bureau |
| Post 1890 | mass immigration from southern and eastern Europe, as opposed to northern and wester Europe |
| "new immigrants" | mostly Catholic and Jewish, and darker skinned |
| Madison Grant | THE PASSING OF THE GREAT RACE (1916): superiority of Nordic race |
| pseudoscience and reasoning | provided argument for antiimmigration |
| Immigration Act | 1921 act setting a maximum of 357000 new immigrants each year |
| The Johnson-Reed Immigration Act 1924 | decreased the immigration quota |
| Ozawa v. U.S. (1922) U.S. v. Thind (1923) | Japanese and Asian Indians were unassimilable aliens |
| KKK; WKKK | anti-Catholic, racist, prohibition, etc. |
| John T. Scope and Clarence Darrow; The Scopes "monkey trial" | respectively, teacher and trial lawyer |
| Teapot Dome scandal | Interior Secretary Albert Fall; first cabinet officer to go to jail |
| Andrew Mellon | Pittsburgh banker served as secretary of the treasury under all three Republican presidents of the 20s. believed gov't ought to be run on same conservative principles as a corporation. |
| Herbert Hoover | "associated state"; mutual cooperation of deciding prices to lesson competition |
| Kellogg-Briand Pact | grandly and naively renounced war in principle |
| encouragement of closer ties between gov't and bankers | to expand American investment and economic influence abroad |
| League of Women voters | formed in 1920 advocating women's rights,among whom the right for women to serve on juries and equal pay laws |
| National Woman's Party (NWP) | founded by Alice Paul; women were subordinate to men in all aspects |
| Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) | not accepted by all |
| SHeppard-Towner ACt | first federal social welfare law providing federal funds for infants and maternity care |
| Harlem Renaessance | new African American cultural awareness that flourished in literature art, and music in the 20s |
| Marcus Garvey | Black is beautiful |
| Sinclair Lewis | 1930 Nobel Prize for literature |
| Hemingway; F. Scott Fitzgerald; John Dos Passos; | influential writers of the 20s |
| the Fugitives |