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Ch. 35
Orthopedics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cervicodynia | pain in the neck |
| chondromalacia | softening of cartilage |
| cleidocostal | pertaining to the clavicle and ribs |
| costophrenic | pertaining to the ribs and the diaphragm |
| craniotomy | incision through the cranium |
| cryotherapy | application of cold to a body party |
| dorsiflexion | movement of a part or joint to bend the part toward the back |
| iliosacral | concerning the sacrum and ilium |
| ischium | the lower posterior portion of the hip bone |
| kinesiology | the study of muscles and body movement |
| kyphosis | exaggeration of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine |
| myodynia | muscle pain |
| orthodontics | area of dentistry concerned with correction of structure |
| osteopathy | any bone disease |
| podiatry | diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of conditions of the human feet |
| phalangitis | inflammation of the fingers and/ or toes |
| posterolateral | located behind and at side of a part |
| spondylolisthesis | forward slipping of a vertebra |
| sternoclavicular | pertaining to the sternum and clavicle |
| tenodesis | surgical reattachment of tendon to bone |
| thermotherapy | therapeutic application of heat to the body |
| thoracentesis | inserting a needle into the chest wall |
| vertebroplasty | surgical repair of a vertebra |
| atrophy | wasting; decrease in size of an organ or tissue |
| hyperkinesia | excessive movement |
| hyposthesia | dulled sensitivity to touch |
| suboccipital | situated below the occiput |
| supraclavicular | located above the clavicle |
| syndesis | surgical fixation or ankylosis of a joint |
| myasthenia | muscle weakness and fatigue |
| osteoblasts | cell of mesodermal origin concerned with the formation of bone |
| osteoclasts | device used to fracture a bone to correct deformity; large multi-nuclear cell formed in the bone marrow of growing bones |
| arthrosesis | binding together of a joint |
| osteomalacia | softening of bone |
| hemiplegia | paralysis of one side of the body |
| closed or simple fracture | bone fractured without external wound |
| comminuted fracture | bone broken into pieces |
| greenstick fracture | bone bent and partially broken (common fracture in children) |
| impacted fracture | bone broken with one end wedged into the interior of the other (crushed into the fracture) |
| incomplete fracture | line of fracture that does not continue through entire bone |
| oblique fracture | bone with slanted fracture of the shaft on its long axis |
| open or compound fracture | broken bone sticking out of an open wound or fragments of bone seen through the skin |
| ACL | anterior cruciate ligament |
| ADL | activities of daily living |
| AK | above the knee |
| ALS | amytrophic lateral sclerosis |
| AS | ankylosing spondylitis |
| BK | below the knee |
| DJD | degenerative joint disease |
| DTR | deep tendon reflex |
| JRA | juvenile rheumatoid arthritis |
| LLE | left lower extremity |
| LP | lumbar puncture |
| LUE | left upper extremity |
| MD | muscular dystrophy |
| MVA | motor vehicle accident |
| NSAID | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| ORIF | open reduction and internal fixation |
| OT | occupational therapy |
| PT | physical therapy |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| RLE | right lower extremity |
| ROM | range of motion |
| RUE | right upper extremity |
| TENS | transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
| TMJ | temporomandibular joint |
| US | ultrasound |
| WNL | within normal limits |
| abduction | moving away from the midline of the body, such as moving a straightened leg outward at the hip joint |
| adduction | moving toward the midline of the body, such as moving a straightened leg inward at the hip joint |
| eversion | turning outward, such as moving the ankle so that the sole of the foot turns outward |
| inversion | turning inward, such as moving the ankle so that the sole of the foot turns inward |
| flexion | bending, such as moving the hand up to the shoulder by flexing at the elbow |
| extension | straightening, such as moving the hand away from the shoulder by elongating or extending the elbow joint |
| pronation | twisting to face downward, such as turning the wrist so the palm faces up |
| supination | twisting to face upward, such as turning the wrist so the palm faces up |
| rotation | moving along an axis, such as turning the head by looking left and right |
| circumduction | moving in a circle, thus including multiple directions, such as the shoulder or hip joint. |
| treatment for kyphosis | supplemental calcium; vitamin d; medications to slow the progression or bone loss such as boniva or fosimax; and analgesics , massage, and acupuncture for pain management |
Created by:
rewebb
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