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History Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the Articles of the Constitution? | Somewhat chapters of the Constitution |
| Most states established two house, or __________, legislatures to divide the power even further. | bicameral |
| What did the writers of the constitution want to prevent and want to give? | They wanted to prevent abuses of powers in the states, and wanted to keep the power in the hands of the people. |
| In most states, who could vote? | White males who were at least 21 could vote? |
| What did the states agree to make their government? | Republic |
| How would the citizens rule? | By electing representatives. |
| Most Americans favored a week central government. They assumed the states would be very much like ______________. | Small independent countries. Similar to the way the colonies were set up. |
| The states would act independently on most issues, only working through a central government, _____________. | to wage war and handle relations with other nations. |
| In ______(year), the Second Continental Congress appointed a committee to draw up a plan for a new government. | 1776 |
| They agreed on a _____________, to coordinate the war effort against Britain. | central government |
| Congress adopted the committee's plan. What did they adopt on November of 1777? | Articles of Confederation |
| What was the first constitution, provided for a new central government under which the states gave up little of their power? | The Articles of Confederation |
| For the states, the Articles of Confederation were "_______________" in which each state retained "______________________." | a firm league of friendship; its sovereignty, freedom and independence |
| What did the Articles of Confederation give the government (including Congress) authority over? | Conduct foreign affairs, maintain armed forces, borrow money, and issue currency. |
| What did the Articles of Confederation NOT give the government authority over? | Not regulate trade, force citizens to join the army, or impose taxes. |
| If Congress needed to raise money or troops, who did they go to? | They had to go to state legislatures- but the states were not required to contribute. |
| Under the new plan, how many votes could one state have in Congress? | One |
| All states had to approve______ as well as any __________. | the Articles; any amendments |
| The larger states believed that population should count towards___________. | Having more votes in Congress. |
| On ________________ (Date), the Confederation formally became the government of the United States. | March 1, 1781 |
| How many states had to approve before passing a law? | Nine |
| How many states had to agree to change one of the Articles? | The consent of all 13 states. |
| What is the Confederation? | the Central govenment |
| Despite its weaknesses, what did the Confederation do for the country? | Americans won their independence and expanded foreign trade as well as providing settling and governing the nation's western territories. |
| By the 1790s, how many people were living west of the Appalachian Mountains? | 120,000 people |
| During 1780s all of the states except _________ gave up their claims to lands west of the Appalachians, and the central government took control of these lands. | Georgia |
| What cultures did the Constitutional Convention study and debate on for the governments? | Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome |
| What enlightenment thinkers influenced the framers of the Constitution? | John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu |
| What two documents set the limits on the power of the monarch? | The Magna Carta (1215) and the English Bill of Rights (1689) |
| Who called for a new convention in Philadelphia in 1787? | Alexander Hamilton |
| Which convention failed to fix the nation's weak government? | The Annapolis Convention |
| Where was the Constitutional Convention and when? | May 1787, Independence Hall, Philadelphia. |
| How many delegates were at the Constitutional Convention and what kind? | 55 delegates included planters, merchants, lawyers, physicians, generals, governors, and a college president. |
| Who proposed the Virginia Plan written by James Madison? | Edmund Randolph |
| Which plan favored the large states? | The Virginia Plan |
| Which plan favored the small states? | The New Jersey Plan |
| Who proposed the New Jersey plan? | William Patterson |
| What did the New Jersey Plan state? | Congress could set taxes and regulate trade, executive branch with more than one executive, and a one-house legislature (one vote for each state) |
| What did the Virginia Plan state? | Chief executive, federal court system, two-house legislature (A state's population would determine representation in Congress) |
| What was the Great Compromise? | The debate on which plan to choose. (Virginia or New Jersey) |
| What was the Connecticut Compromise? | A two-house legislature - Senate (Upper House) -House of Representatives |
| What is the Senate? | Equal Representation, two members per state regardless of population. |
| What is the House of Representatives? | Representation based on the population of each state |
| What is the Three-Fifths Compromise? | Southern states wanted to include slaves in the population count; to have more representation in Congress. Northern states objected because the South considered slaves property. Under the compromise, a slave would count as 3/5 of a person for representati |
| A ban on the Slave Trade went into effect when? | Went into effect in January, 1808 |
| Who (Man from Virginia) wanted the new constitution to include a bill of rights? | George Mason |
| What does the first Article in the Constitution say? | Section 1: Senate and House of Representatives Section 8: The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States. To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper.... |
| How many members are in the House of Representatives? | 435 Members |
| How many terms can a member in the House of Representatives serve? | 2 year term |
| What was the youngest age you could be in order to join the House of Representatives? | 25 years old |
| Who is the leader of the House of Representatives? | Speaker of the House |
| How many members are in the U.S. Senate? | 100 members |
| How many representatives are from each state in the U.S. Senate? | 2 from each state regardless of population |
| How many terms do the representatives serve in the U.S. Senate? | 6 year terms |
| What is the youngest age you can join the U.S. Senate? | 30 years old |
| Who is the president of the Senate? | The Vice President |
| What is Article 2 (Executive Branch) state? | The Roles and rules of being the preident |
| How many years/terms can the President serve? | 4 year term (2 year limit) |
| How old does the President have to be? | 35 years or older |
| What is the presidents role as chief executive? | He carries out the Nation's law |
| What is the presidents role as chief of state? | He carries out the symbol of the U.S. |
| What is the presidents role as chief diplomat? | He directs foreign policy |
| What is the presidents role as chief legislator? | He suggests laws and works for their passage |
| What is the presidents role as commander in chief? | He is head of the armed forces |
| Article 3 (Judicial Branch) talks about which three courts? | Supreme, Circuit, and District |
| How many members are apart of the Supreme court? | 9 members |
| How many associate justices are apart of the Supreme court? | Eight |
| How many circuit courts are there? | 13 (Court of Appeals) |
| How many district courts are there? | 94 (Trial Courts) |
| What does Article 4 (Relations Between States) say? | The Constitution provides a framework for how states interact and relate to each other |
| What does Article 5 say about proposing and amendment and ratifying one? | To propose an amendment 2/3 vote of both Houses of Congress must approve or 2/3 of State legislatures asking for a special convention. To ratify and amendment it requires approval by 3/4 of the states; approval of state legislatures or by special state co |
| What does Article 6 (National Supremacy) say? | The U.S. Constitution is the "Supreme Law of the Land" |
| What does Article 7 (Ratification) say? | "The Ratification of the Conventions of Nine States" |
| Daniel Shays | Veteran of the revolutionary war. (MA). Leader of Shay's rebellion |
| John Locke | Enlightenment thinker |
| Baron De Montesquieu | Enlightenment thinker |
| George Washington | American General. First President |
| James Madison | Author of the Bill of Rights |
| How does a bill become a law? | Introduced by either Senate or House. Must pass through Senate and House, then taken to committee, and then either signed by the president or vetoed |
| How is an amendment purposed? | 2/3 of both Houses of Congress or 2/4 of state legislatures asking for a special convention |
| How is an amendment ratified? | requires 3/4 of the states; approval of state legislatures or by special state conventions |
| What was the depression of America? | when the economic activity slowed and unemployment |
| What are the federalist papers? | A series of essays written anonymously in support of the Consitution |
| How long did the slave trade continue for? | 20 years |
| What was the first state to agree to ratify the Constitution? | Delaware |
| What was Shay's Rebellion? | A rebellion against Massachusetts, where the government was seizing property for non-payment debt. The rebellion was crushed but showed the weakness or the danger of the new American government. |
| How many delegates were at the Annapolis Convention? | 12 delegates from five states |
| What is a bicameral? | two house legislature |
| Another term for the Great Compromise? | Connecticut Compromise |
| What was the Connecticut Compromise? | Two house legislature, senate and house of representatives |
| What did the slave trade divide? | The north and south states |
| What was the 9th state to ratify the Constitution? | New Hampshire |
| What state ratifies the Constitution only after the Bill of rights was put in? | Virginia |
| When was the Bill of Rights added? | 1791 |
| What were the Principles of the Constitution? | Popular sovereignty, republicanism, limited government, federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, and individual rights |
| What is Popular Sovereignty? (Principles) | The people rule |
| What is Republicanism? (Principles) | The people elect their representatives to make decisions for them |
| What is Limited Government? (principles) | the constitution lists the powers of the federal government |
| What is federalism? (principles) | the division for power between the states and the federal government |
| What is the separation of powers? (Principles) | the division of power within the federal government |
| What is checks and balances? (principles) | each branch of government can control the power of the other two |
| What is individual rights? (principles) | the rights the government promises to protect |
Created by:
ajchoi
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