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Eberhard Ch. 11
Eberhard: Ch. 11 The Young United States
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who was the first president of the U.S.? | George Washington |
| Why was George Washington a good pick for our first president? | People trusted him not to take too much power, so they trusted the new government as well. |
| What two practices did Washington start as president? | He set up a Cabinet of heads of departments to advise him. He only served for two terms. |
| What were the two political parties formed in the 1790s? | the Federalists party and the Democratic-Republican party (or Jeffersonian Republican party) |
| Who were the heads of each party? | Hamilton led the Federalists and Jefferson led the Democratic-Republicans. |
| What did the Federalist Party believe? | They included businessmen, largelandowners, and professional people who believed that the country should grow by making businesses and industries. These Federalists felt that the federal government should be stronger than the state governments. |
| What did the Democratic-Republicans believe? | Jefferson believed the nation should remain a land of small farmers and skilled workers. His followers believed that most of the power of government should lie in the state governments and that the federal government should remain weak. |
| What were Thomas Jefferson's main accomplishments? | Thomas Jefferson was the first Secretary of State and served in Washington’s Cabinet. Jefferson later became the third president of the United States and the first president from his party. |
| What were Alexander Hamilton's main accomplishments? | Alexander Hamilton was the first Secretary of Treasury and advised Washington in his Cabinet. Hamilton proposed a series of laws that improved the financial standing of the new nation. |
| What were John Adams' main accomplishments? | John Adams was the first Vice President of the United States. Later he was elected as the second President. As an early leader of the Federalist Party, he wanted a strong central government. |
| What were John Marshall's main accomplishments? | John Marshall was appointed as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court by President Adams. Marshallstrengthened the role of the Supreme Court in the federal government by using the Supreme Court to review laws and figure out if they are constitutional. |
| What were James Madison's main accomplishments? | James Madison was the major author of the Constitution. He served in the first Congress and wrote the Bill of Rights. Madison was also a leader of the Democratic-Republican Party. |
| What was Daniel Boone's main accomplishments? | Daniel Boone crossed the Appalachian Mountains through the Cumberland Gap to Kentucky, creatingthe Wilderness Trail. This later became the first National Road. Such pioneer trails began as Indian trails. |
| Why did Thomas Jefferson want to buy land around New Orleans? | He wanted to help farmers along the Mississippi River who needed to transport goods to the French port of New Orleans. |
| Why did farmers send their products down the Mississippi River to New Orleans instead of across the Appalachian Mountains? | It was too costly to transport the goods across the Appalachian Mountains. |
| When Jefferson offered to buy New Orleans, what did the French offer him? | France surprised Jefferson by offering him the entire area of Louisiana which included the territory west of the Mississippi River to present-day Idaho and north to Canada. |
| Who did Jefferson send to explore the Louisiana Purchase? | Lewis and Clark, along with Indian guides |
| What were Lewis and Clark's goals in exploring the Louisiana Purchase? | explore and map the Louisiana Purchase, look for NW Passage, find out about Indians in the area |
| What were Zebulon Pike's main accomplishments? | Zebulon Pike located and explored the upper regions of the Mississippi River, made treaties with the Native Americans and mapped and claimed lands for the United States during the westward expansion . |
| What was named after Zebulon Pike, and why? | Because of his further explorations of the southwest in Spanish territory, Pike’s Peak, in present-day Colorado, is named in his honor. |
| What effect did Boone, Lewis and Clark, and Pike have on the western lands? | They opened these lands to further settlement which would eventually raise the issue of expanding slavery into the western territories. Their reports made the land they explored known to the American people who would follow and settle the areas. |
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