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ch15 out of many
chapter 15 out of many
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Lincoln~Douglas debates | Series of debates in the 1858 Illinois senatorial campaign during which Douglas and Lincoln staked out their differing opinions on the issue of slavery |
| Stephen Douglas | The leading democrat for the 1860 presidential elections, nicknamed Little Giant |
| President James Buchanan | Top leader of the strong southern wing whom Douglas had put himself in direct conflict with |
| Abraham Lincoln | Represented Illinois in the House of Representatives in the 1840s and lost in 1848 because he opposed the American~Mexican war. |
| Lajos Kossuth | A famed Hungarian revolutionary who visited the U.S. in 1851 |
| American Scholars and Writers | Henry Thoreau, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Walt Whitman, Herman Melville, Emily Dickenson, and Frederick Douglass |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin, was the daughter of clergyman Lyman Beecher |
| Religious splits | Presbyterians in 1837, Methodists in 1844, and Baptists in 1845 |
| Theodore Weld | The abolitionist leader |
| Compromise of 1850 | 4~step comp. admitting CA as free state, allowed residents NM & UT ter. to vote on slavery issue, ended slave trade in the D.C., passed new fugitive slave law to enforce constit. provision saying slave escaping into free states will be delivered to master |
| Slave Power | A group of aristocratic slave owners who not only dominated the political and social life of the south, but conspired to control the federal government as well, posing a danger to free speech and free institutions throughout the nation |
| James Birney | Liberty Party leader who added slave power to the nation’s political vocabulary |
| Popular sovereignty | A solution to the slavery crisis suggested by Michigan senator Lewis Cass by which territorial residents, not Congress, would decide slavery’s fate |
| Solomon Northup | Wrote a book called Twelve Years a Slave in which he told of how he was captured as a freeman and be a slave for 12 years |
| Fugitive Slave Law | Part of the compromise of 1850 that required the authorities in the North to assist southern slave catchers and return runaway slaves to their owners |
| Thomas Wentworth Higginson | A Unitarian clergyman who led a biracial group of armed abolitionist into the federal courthouse in 1854 in attempts to save slave Anthony Burns |
| William Seward | Became the unofficial party head of the Whigs after Henry Clay died |
| General Winfield Scott | Was nominated by William Seward for the election of 1852 |
| Franklin Pierce | Was of New Hampshire and was nominated as the Democratic nominee and won the 1852 elections |
| Young America | Was movement that began as a group of writers and politicians in the New York Democratic Party who believed in the democratic and nationalistic promise of manifest destiny |
| Filibusters | Adventurers or pirate |
| William Walker | A filibuster who led three invasions of Nicaragua |
| Pierre Soule | Minister to Spain who was ordered to try to force the unwilling Spanish to sell Cuba for 130 million dollars |
| Ostend Manifesto | Document that appealed to the fact that there were deep affinities of Cubans and Americans that made them one and threatened to take Cuba by force from Spain if necessary. Was suppose to be a secret |
| Kansas~Nebraska Act | Law passed in 1854 creating the Kansas and Nebraska territories but leaving the question of slavery open to residents, thereby repealing the Missouri Compromise, introduced by Stephen A. Douglas |
| Border ruffians | Frontiersmen fond of boasting that they could “scream louder, jump higher, shoot closer...etc.” |
| John Brown | A grim old man who led his sons in a raid on the proslavery settlers of Pottawatomie Creek |
| Lager Beer Riots | |
| Know~Nothings | Name given to the anti~immigrant party formed from the wreckage of the Whig Party and some disaffected Northern Democrats in 1854 |
| Republican Party | Party that emerged in the 1850s in the aftermath of the bitter controversy over the Kansas~Nebraska Act, consisting of former Whigs, some northern Democrats, and many Know~Nothings |
| Bleeding Kansas | Violence between pro and antislavery forces in Kansas Territory after the passage of the Kansas~Nebraska Act in 1854 |
| Dred Scott vs. Sandford | Case in which slave Dred Scott sued for the freedom of his wife and child who were born on free territory. |
| Dred Scott decision | Supreme court ruling, in a lawsuit brought by Dred Scott, a slave demanding his freedom based on his residence in a free state, that slaves could not be U.S. citizens and that Congress had no jurisdiction over slavery in the territories |
| Lecompton constitution | Proslavery draft written in 1857 by Kansas territorial delegates elected under questionable circumstances; it was rejected by two governors, supported by President Buchanan, and decisively defeated by Congress |
| Panic of 1857 | Banking crisis that caused a credit crunch in the North; it was less severe in the South, where high cotton prices spurred a quick recovery |
| Constitutional Union Party | National party formed in 1860, mainly by former Whigs, that emphasized allegiance to the Union and strict enforcement of all national legislation |
| John Brown’s raid | New England abolitionist John Brown’s ill~fated attempt to free Virginia’s slaves with a raid on the federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, VA in 1859 |
| Confederate States of America | Nation proclaimed in Montgomery, Alabama, in Feb.1861, after the seven states of the Lower south seceded from the United States |
| Jefferson Davis | Of Mississippi who became president of the Confederate States of America |
| Alexander Stephens | Of Georgia who became the vice president of the Confederate States of America |
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