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HIST finals
to help me study for HIST 2112 finals!!!
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| rhetoric vs reality | **** |
| Ideological crusade | -cold war |
| Anticommunist crusade | -"right to descent came under attack" -loyalty/disloyalty -loyalty review system -HUAC -McCarthyism |
| HUAC | house un-american activities committee |
| McCarthyism | -"guilt by association" -hysteria -post WWII red scare focused on fear of communists in US gov't |
| Suburbunization | -residential construction & consumer goods -California becomes symbol of suburbanization (think: sacramento) -"white flight" & "ghetto" |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower | -modern republican - |
| John Foster Dulles | -MAD -"hawks" cold-warriors -legal counselor for unite fruit company*** -massive retaliation |
| MAD | -Mutually Assured Destruction -John Foster Dulles |
| Third World | -guatemala: jacob arbenz -iran: mohammed mossadegh -egypt: gamal abdel nasser -cuban revolution: fidal castro |
| Brown vs. Board of Education | -topeka, kansas -children as victims of "separate but equal" -to get rid of segregation in public schools & over turn plessy vs ferguson |
| Montgomery Bus Boycott | -rosa parks -boycotting bus system |
| Southern Manifesto | anti-desegragation |
| Election of 1960 | JFK vs Nixon |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | prohibited racial discrimination in employment, hospitals, schools, restaurants, hotels, & theaters |
| John F. Kennedy | -civil rights as a distraction from cold war -probably killed because he'd "gone too soft" on cold war |
| Great Society | -different from new deal bc it was enacted during a time of affluence, not depression -Lyndon B. Johnson |
| "New Left" | -children of affluence -challenged mainstream -redefinition of freedom -hippies & counterculture |
| SDS | -Students for a Democratic Society |
| Vietnam War | -Ho Chi Mihn -viet minh (vietcong) -loss of morale -gulf of tonkin resolution, 1964 -my lai massacre |
| Ho Chi Minh | -vietnam -communist leader |
| Antiwar Movement | -protests to end war -americans wanting to end vietnam war |
| Betty Friedan | -Feminism -author -The Female Mystique |
| Equal Pay act | -influence by Friedan -equal pay for men and women |
| Red Power | -indian militancy |
| 1968 | climatic year worldwide: -soviet union invades Chezlosovakia -mexico city massacre -MLK assassination -Tet offensive |
| Richard Nixon | president with focus on domestic policies & foreign policy fell to corruption |
| Detente | the easing of hostility or strained relations, esp. between countries ex: china joins UN anti-ballistic missile treaty |
| Vietnamization | -US trying to replace american troops with Vietnamese troops -led to destabilization of Cambodia |
| FOIA | Freedom of Information Act |
| Jimmy Carter | president who focussed on moral tone of politics, coating poverty, human rights experienced great decline in popularity |
| Iran (1979) | -CIA-installed Shah overthrown -US Embassy hostage situation |
| Afganistan (1979) | -soviet troops invade -US funds dangerous group that stop soviets |
| speculation | one word to describe the 1930's, broadly |
| supremacy | the idea that binds together facism, nazis, kkk, ect |
| stock market crash | -1929 -did not entirely cause Great depression |
| Great Depression | -not limited to US -"hoovervilles", breadlnes, soup kitchens, selling apples, ect -1932: 25% of labor unemployed |
| new concept of freedom (1930s) | -a progressive belief in a socially conscious state of making positive and constructive changes in economic arrangement -a respect for civil liberties and "cultural pluralism" |
| cultural pluralism | a society that glorifies Ethnic Diversity rather than attempt to suppress it |
| 1930s characteristics | -the "new deal' at a period -social upheaval (& revitalized labor movement) |
| FDR | -born rich -liked to represent ordinary working citizens -helped stop great depression -paralyzed from polio -"fire side chats" with public |
| prohibition | -democrats pro-prohibition -republicans wanted no prohibition |
| glass-steagall act | -no banks involved in stocks -FDIC -off the "gold standard |
| National Industrial Recovery Act | -NRA found unconstitutional after 2 years -one of the "bad ideas" of FDR |
| Economy Act | spending on relief was unavoidable |
| Federal Emergency Relief Administration | -CCC -PWA -CWA -TVA -AAA -FHA |
| Tennesse Valley Authority (TVA) | -cheap electricity -gov't in competition with private companies |
| Agricultural Adjustment Act | -raise farm prices -benefitted mostly land-owning farmers -found unconstitutional in 1936 -failure/HUGE mistake!!! |
| Federal Housing Administration | -industry devastated by Great Depression -low-rent housing -worked with veterans later |
| The Dust Bowl | -severe drought -pulverization -high winds |
| The First New Deal | -series of experiment to fix economy -repealed prohibition -FCC -securities & exchange commissions |
| Second New Deal | -Economic security |
| Rural Electrification Agency (REA) | -one of the most successful of the 2nd new deal programs |
| Works Progress Administration (WPA) | -provided work for artists, writers, musicians -ex: art exhibits in NYC alleys -ex: authors in charge of writing memoirs of former slaves |
| Wagner Act | -a labor act -outlawed unfair labor practices -bringing democracy in workplace |
| Fair Labor Standards Bill of 1938 | -established child labor laws |
| first new deal vs second new deal | first: economic recovery second: economic security |
| good neighbor policy | -us gov't supported dictators -Somoza in nicaragua -Trujillo in the domincan republic -Batista in cuba |
| road to war | -japan invades china -hitler invades rhineland -mussolini -Franco in spain |
| appeasement of hitler | -neutrality act -abe lincoln brigade -passivism |
| war in europe | -nazi-soviet pact -blitzkrieg "lightning war" |
| isolationism | deep rooted desire to avoid foreign entanglement -ex: ancient china |
| bracero program | -labor contracts -originally temporary -relegated to least beneficial conditions -new "chicano" culture -"zoot-suit" riots -Caucasian Race Equal Privileges Resolution |
| Kennan Telegram | -set the tone of the cold war -painted russia as aggressive, non-human set up mindset for cold war |
| reason civil rights movement birth at end of WWII | -black military service -rhetoric vs reality -war spurred migration from rural to cities -National anti-lynching law -"the double-v" |
| Truman Doctrine | US aid to any country threatened by communism -ex: Greece and Turkey |
| why was bomb dropped | -show Russian's & threaten them -keep foothold on Asia w/out physically invading and losing more American lives |
| double-v | -external + internal victory -victory over segregation and home + victory over Germany/Japan |
| NSC-68 (national security council) | main point: to stop communism where ever it popped-up -closely tied to containment policies -unlimited militarization of the country |
| what NSC-68 lead to... | -korean war -division (ex: east and west germany) -russians having atom bomb -chinese civil war won by communists |
| korean war | -1995: spilt on 38th parallel -cold war gone global -truman did not support mcaurthur -"domino effect" |
| Fair Deal | -Truman -domestic reform proposals included civil rights, national health insurance, repeal of Taft-harley act |
| Taft-Hartley Act | -passed over president veto!!! -reversed many labor & union accomplishments in south |
| McCaran Walter Act of 1952 | -allowed mass deportations -use of anticommunism |
| nostalgia trap | fixating on a past the was never their |
| freedom | consumerism replaced economic independence & democratic participation as central to the definition of __________ |
| yuri gagarin | first person in space (a russian) |
| cold war rhetoric | US trying to show through cold-war rhetoric that the US and capitalism is better |
| de jure | by law |
| de facto | by common practice |
| turbulence of 1960's | friction btwn urban decay and affluence |
| pentagon papers | -leaked by Daniel Elsburg -exposed dirt behind Vietnam war and interactions |
| Ronald Reagan | -president -reaganomics -cold war rhetoric -Strategic Defense Initiative |
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