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Finals Review

Review for Finals

TermDefinition
Federal Courts Courts of limited jurisdiction that hear cases authorized by the United States Constitution
Original Jurisdiction The power to hear a case for the first time when a court has the power to review a lower court's decision.
Indictment A formal charge or accusation of a serious crime.
Opinion of the court Gives the verdict and explains the reasoning behind the decision reached.
Opinion of the court Gives the verdict and explains the reasoning behind the decision reached.
Freedom of Assembly The right to hold public meetings and form associations without interference by the government.
Sedition Conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state or monarch.
Bill of Rights The first ten amendments to the US Constitution, ratified in 1791 and guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship.
Shield Laws a law that protects witnesses from revealing certain information, especially in court.
What is public opinion? Views prevalent among the general public.
Ultimate political power is with who? The President
What is Double Jeopardy? The prosecution of a person twice for the same offense
What is the difference between a conservative, a liberal, and a moderate? -The word "Liberal" means "open" or "plenty" or "diverse". -Conservative means "narrow", "same" or "constant". -Conservatives are people who prefer the "tried and true" instead of trying something new
How many levels to the Federal Court System? Three main levels: district courts (the trial court), circuit courts which are the first level of appeal, and the Supreme Court of the United States, the final level of appeal in the federal system.
What is the chief way that the federal government raises revenue? Increasing the number of customers, increasing average transaction size, increasing the frequency of transactions per customer, and raising your prices.
What is Naturalization? The process by which U.S. citizenship is granted to a foreign citizen or national after he or she fulfills the requirements established by Congress in the Immigration and Nationality Act
What is the chief way that the federal government raises revenue? Increasing the number of customers, increasing average transaction size, increasing the frequency of transactions per customer, and raising your prices.
Who has the power to raise revenue and pass appropriations? House of Representatives
What is Medicare? The federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older
What are delegated powers? Powers specifically granted the Federal Government by the Constitution
Who has the power to declare war? Congress
What form of government do we have and what kind of democracy? The US is a representative democracy/republic. The US is a Democratic Republic
Local government doesn't include what- mayor, manager, commission, council? Manager
Who did the Founding Fathers believe should have the right to vote? Qualified citizens
Who is the father of the Constitution? James Madison
About half of state revenue come from...? Excise taxes
What is the most important form of revenue for local government? James Madison
What do state governments not take care of? They ca not enter into treaties, alliances, or confederation
Marbury vs. Madison Marbury v. Madison (1803) the Supreme Court announced for the first time the principle that a court may declare an act of Congress void if it is inconsistent with the Constitution.
Petition A formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to authority with respect to a particular cause.
What are the qualifications for senator? The Constitution sets three qualifications for service in the U.S. Senate: age (at least thirty years of age); U.S. citizenship (at least nine years); and residency in the state a senator represents at time of election.
Conventions Ways in which something is usually done, especially within a particular area or activity.
Petition Formal written requests, typically one signed by many people, appealing to authority with respect to a particular cause.
Independent as to a political party An independent voter, often called an unaffiliated voter in the United States, is a voter who does not align him or herself with a political party.
Jurisdiction as to the courts The authority given by law to a court to try cases and rule on legal matters within a particular geographic area and/or over certain types of legal cases. It is vital to determine before a lawsuit is filed which court has jurisdiction.
Platform Government platform is a political platform of a government. A new government, when entering office, lists their objectives to be accomplished while in office.
Grand Jury A jury, normally of twenty-three jurors, selected to examine the validity of an accusation before trial.
Petit Jury The ordinary trial jury of twelve persons whose duty it is to find facts as opposed to the grand jury whose duty it is to return an indictment.
Precinct Captain A Precinct Captain, also known as a Precinct Chairman, Precinct Delegate, or Precinct Committee Officer, is an elected official in the American political party system.
Lieutenant Governor The executive officer of a state who is next in rank to a governor and who takes the governor's place in case of disability or death.
Winner take all Your presidential vote means very nearly squat. If your vote is Republican and is among the excess above 50 percent plus one, it is as if you did not vote for anyone for president
Ratification The official way to confirm something, usually by vote
Article 1,2,and 3 What do they describe must be in order? Each of the three branches of government has strictly defined powers and obligations, and each one of them is subject to be checked and restricted by another branch.
Bill of Rights The collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution.
Impeachment A formal process in which an official is accused of unlawful activity, the outcome of which, depending on the country, may include the removal of that official from office as well as criminal or civil punishment.
Created by: AReed1998
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