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Chapter 17
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tariff of 1842 | Tariff passed by President John Tyler, although he had no fondness of a protective tariff, after realizing the need for additional revenue. Protective level of 1832, 32% on dutiable goods. |
| Caroline | American steamer that carried supplies to the insurgents across the Niagara River. Set to fire by a British force in 1837 and sunk with only one American killed. |
| Creole | American ship captured by 130 Virginia slaves in 1841. The slaves were then offered asylum by British officials in the Caribbean. |
| Aroostook War | The break-out of fights in Aroostook Rvr. Valley ("no-man's land") between lumberjacks from Canada and Maine. The summoning of local militias took place and the crisis deepened in 1842. |
| Manifest Destiny | The belief of countless citizens in the 1840's and 50's that God had "manifestly" destined the American people to spread their democratic institutions over the entire continent. |
| "Fifty-four forty or fight" | (1846). Also known as, "All of Oregon or None." Swayed by the idea of Manifest Destiny, expansionists outbellowed the Whigs in shouting for the annexation of Texas and the reoccupation of Oregon. |
| Liberty Party | Anti-slavery party from New York that absorbed 16,000 votes against the annexation of Texas and to the election of James K. Polk into presidency. |
| Walker Tariff | A lowered "tariff-for-revenue" passed by Polk that reduced the rates of the Tariff of 1842 to 25% and was followed by boom times and heavy imports. |
| spot resolutions | Resolutions by the Whig congressman Abraham Lincoln that requested information of the precise "spot" on American soil where American blood was shed. Lincoln became known as "spotty Lincoln." |
| California Bear Flag Republic | Short-lived flag raised by Californians alongside American naval officers and John C. Fremont in 1846. |
| Battle of Buena Vista | February 22-23, 1847; General Zachary Taylor's weak force was attacked by twenty thousand march-weary troops under Santa Anna who were then repulsed with extreme difficulty. |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | Signed on February 2, 1848 by Nicholas P. Trist, the chief clerk of the State Depot. Confirmed the American title to Texas and surrounding area stretching to Oregon and California; $15 million payed to Mexico. |
| Conscience Whigs | Anti-slavery Whigs in Congress that threatened to vote down supplies for armies in the field; enraged by arrangement of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. |
| Wilmot Proviso | An amendment suggested by David Wilmot of Pennsylvania stating that slavery should never exist in any of the territory gained from Mexico. Never became federal law, endorsed by all but one free state, symbolized issue of slavery in terr. |
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