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9th Grade SS
Vocabulary - World Religions and Philosophies
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Abrahamic religions | Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. All trace their origins to Abraham who rejected polytheism and embrace a belief in one, invisible, deity. |
Agnosticism | the philosophical position that the existence or non-existence of God is unknowable. |
Anglican | relating to the Church of England. |
Animism | the belief that every material form of reality (plants, animals, stones, thunderstorms, earthquakes) have an indwelling spirit; can include belief in the continued existence of individual disembodied human spirits capable of helping or harming the living. |
Atheism | No disbelief in any deity or supernatural power. |
Buddhism | Buddha: Suffering is inherent to life and that the way to escape suffering and repeated existence is to limit one’s desires and expectations. (Four Noble Truths) |
Nirvana | Release from selfishness and pain- State of nothingness |
Confucianism | A philosophy with emphasis on the practice and cultivation of the cardinal virtues of filial piety, kindness, righteousness, propriety, intelligence, and faithfulness.(Know your place in society!) |
Hinduism | A body of social, cultural, and religious beliefs and practices found chiefly in India. It includes a belief in reincarnation and transmigration of souls. |
Caste System | immovable social class of India. Now outlawed. |
indulgence | Roman Catholicism, a remission of punishment especially punishment in Purgatory(Purgatory is an intermediate place of purification for souls departed stained w/minor sins not deserving of eternal punishment in Hell). (You can “buy” your way out) |
Jihad | a holy war on behalf of Islam. The Christian equivalent word is crusade, “a campaign or war sanctioned by the Church against nonbelievers or heretics.” |
Secular | worldly, not sacred. Similar to profane, secular refers to anything that is not specifically religious. |
Daoism | Philosophy based on all living things connected to one another. Nothingness encompasses everything! |
Islam | Muhammad: book is Qur’an: based on five pillars: Faith, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage. |
Christianity | Jesus: bible: based on Judaism and teaching of Jesus: forgiveness, spiritual salvation and eternal life. |
Judaism | Abraham: book is Torah: Ten Commandments |