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Thirteen Colonies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What happened to the inhabitants when the English returned with supplies? | They had all vanished |
| What happened to the settlers of Roanoke? | No one knows. |
| What was the first permanent and successful English settlement in the New World? | Jamestown |
| Was it easy for the settlers of Jamestown? | No, they struggled and had to learn to adapt to life in America.. |
| Why did Jamestown survive? | They started to grow and export tobacco |
| What was the House of Burgesses? | A representative government in the New World started in Jamestown |
| Who were the Pilgrims? | A religious group of Separatists- they wanted to be separate from Church of England |
| Where did the Pilgrims settle? | Plymouth |
| Why did the Pilgrims come to the New World? | They faced religious persecution in England so they came for religious freedom. |
| What was the Mayflower Compact? | Rules created by Pilgrims for the colony- fair laws for all colony members- form of self- government. |
| Was it easy for the Pilgrims? Who helped them? | It was a struggle adapting to America, but the Native Americans helped them succeed. |
| Who were the Puritans? | Wanted to purify, or reform, Church of England from within |
| What did the Puritans want to get away from? | The ideas of Catholicism |
| Why did the Puritans come to America? | In search of religious freedom |
| What did the Puritans establish in 1629? | Massachusetts Bay Colony |
| Who led the Massachusetts Bay Colony? | Governor John Winthrop |
| What were Town Meetings? | Meetings to discuss issues within the colony |
| Where did Town Meetings occur? | New England and the Middle Colonies |
| What did Town Meetings encourage? | The growth of democracy |
| Who had voting rights in Town Meetings? | White, land owning, Christian males. |
| What is a Patroon? | Large pieces of land granted to rich families. Some were hundreds of miles long some as large as Rhode Island. Owners would rent land to farmers. Owners had lots of power and charged whTever they wanted for rent. |
| Where could you find Patroons? | Middle Colonies |
| What were the 3 sections of the Thirteen Colonies? | New England, Middle Colonies and Southern Colonies |
| Which colonies made up the New England colonies? | Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island |
| How did the New England colonies make a living? | Most made a living off the sea- fishing, whaling, ship building. This was a big part of New England economy! |
| Why was fishing, whaling and ship building a big part of the New England economy and not farming? | It had poor soil for farming. |
| What colonies made up the Middle Colonies? | New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware |
| Middle Colonies had what type of soil? | Fertile soil, but short growing season |
| Why were the Middle Colonies called the Breadbasket Colonies? | Wheat, grain, and barley were farmed on patroons. |
| Who were the Quakers? | Peaceful people who believed in religious freedom |
| What type of population could be found in the Middle Colonies? | A diverse population with religious freedom and tolerance |
| What colonies made up the Southern Colonies? | Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia |
| Was the soil good for farming in Southern Colonies? | Very fertile soil, long growing season, perfect farming climate |
| What did they grow in Southern Colonies? | Cotton, tobacco, indigo, and rice...known as cash crops |
| Where did they grow cash crops in Southern Colonies? | On tidewater plantations and backcountry farms |
| Who worked the plantations in Southern Colonies? | Slaves |
| What was life of a slave like? | Harsh conditions, physical abuse and forced labor |
| What were plantations? | Large farms in the Southern Colonies |
| What were tidewater plantations? | Large estates farmed by many workers |
| Who did most of the work on plantations? | African slaves |
| What did they grow on plantations? | Rice, tobacco, indigo and cotton |
| What was purpose of cash crops? | To grow and sell for profit. |
| What were backcountry farms? | Smaller farms worked on by families |
| What were slave codes? | Series of laws created to control slaves in the south |
| What was the Triangular Trade? | System of trade that existed between Europe, Africa, and the Americas |
| What was traded in the Triangular Trade? | Rum, sugar cane, and slaves |
| What was the Middle Passage? | The horrible journey slaves were forced to take after being kidnapped from Africa and taken to America. It was unsanitary, unsafe, horrible conditions! |
| What was mercantilism? | The belief that the colonies only existed to benefit the mother country. |
| What was considered the Mother Country? | England |
| What were the Navigation Acts? | Stated all goods must be carried on English ships, all goods had to be taxed by England and then sold to the colonies |
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vsouthwick
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