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HNRS HIST QUIZ 3

Mr. Stickler's Liberty Christian HNRS HIST Quiz 3 Flashcards 2016

QuestionAnswer
Who was King George III? He was the 3rd British Hanoverian monarch (king) who ruled from 1760 - 1820 (60 years). He was 22 years old when he took over the throne from his grandfather, George II, in 1760. (Pg. 107)
Who was George Greenville? He was the British First Lord of the Treasury from 1763 - 1765. He was a member of the Whig party and is responsible for imposing several tax policies that led to the Revolutionary War. (Pg. 107)
What did the Stamp Act of 1765 place a tax on? This was the first direct tax ever laid on the 13 Colonies by British Parliament. It placed a tax on all legal documents, newspapers and pamphlets, playing cards, and dice. (Pg. 112)
What was "unusual" about the Stamp Act of 1765? It was not a tax on foreign trade. This Act required Colonists to pay a tax on items they made themselves and did not plan to sell anywhere outside the 13 Colonies. (Pg. 111-112)
What was one (1) of the "unintentional" results of the Stamp Act of 1765? It united "northern merchants and southern planters and rural women and urban workingmen" because they were all effected by this new tax. (Pgs. 112 & 113)
Who were the Sons of Liberty? A group of resistance fighters from Boston who formed their group to protest British rule in 1765 as a result of the Stamp Act of 1765. (Pg. 113)
Who was Samuel Adams? He was the leader of the original Sons of Liberty group in Boston, Massachusetts. (Pg. 113)
Who was Ebenezer McIntosh? He was the leader of a protest against the appointment of wealthy merchant Andrew Oliver as the Massachusetts colonies stamp act agent. He & a group of protesters marched to McIntosh's home, broke all of the windows out, and burned his effigy. (Pg. 113)
Who was Thomas Hutchinson? He was a local political figure in Boston whose home was vandalized by Colonial protesters after the Stamp Act of 1765 passed. The attack proved that Colonists would take action against both British & Colonial political figures if necessary. (Pg. 113)
Who was Patrick Henry? He was a Virginia planter and lawyer who was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses. He stated that he thought the Stamp Act of 1765 was evidence of the tyranny of King George III. (Pg. 114: SQR2, Mady)
What was the Stamp Act Congress? A group made up of representatives from 9 Colonies who met in New York in 1765 to organize a response to the Stamp Act of 1765. Ultimately, they conceded that Parliament had authority over them, but could not impose direct taxes on Colonists. (Pg. 115)
What was the Declaratory Act? This Act was an attempt by Britain to repeal the Stamp Act of 1765 while appearing not to "cave in" to Colonist's demands. It stated that the Colonies were "subordinate to and dependent upon" the British Crown and Parliament. (Pg. 116)
What were the Townshend Acts? He took over as Chancellor of the Exchequer when William Pitt's health failed & he could no longer keep up with the duties of the office. He imposed the Towhshend Acts of 1767 on Colonists which taxed glass, paper, paint, & lead products. (Pg. 117)
How were the Townshend Acts different than the Stamp Act of 1765? The Townshend Acts imposed a tax on British - made goods, while the Stamp Act imposed a tax on Colonial - made goods. (Pg. 117)
What was the Boston Massacre? The name given to a confrontation in March, 1770 between angry Bostonians and British soldiers guarding the house of customs. Rock - throwing citizens caused an unknown British soldier to fire on the crowd. 5 were killed & 8 were wounded. (Pg. 121)
What were 'committees of correspondence'? This was the name given to a communications network between 5 Colonies created to closely monitor British moves. They were to inform each other of any "questionable royal activities" in their Colony. (Pg. 123)
What were the Intolerable Acts? This was the name given to the four (4) Coercive Acts passed by Parliament in 1774. (Pg. 124)
What were the four (4) Acts that made up the Intolerable Acts? 1. The Port Act; 2. The Massachusetts Government Act; 3. The Justice Act; 4. The Quartering Act. (Pg. 124)
What was the purpose of The Port Act of 1774? This Act was to close the port of Boston, Massachusetts until the citizens of Boston reimbursed the East India Tea Company for its losses in the Boston Tea Party. (Pg. 124)
What was the purpose of The Massachusetts Government Act of 1774? This Act transferred most of the power of the Colony's assembly to the royal governor. It included the right to appoint judges, sheriffs, members of the colonial legislature's upper house, and the Colony's town meetings. (Pg. 124)
Why were the Massachusetts town meetings placed under control of the royal governor by the Massachusetts Government Act of 1774? Because these meetings had become forums for anti-British sentiments and protests. The Act hoped to dispel these kinds of discussions to calm anti-British protests that had been happening. (Pg. 124)
When was the First Continental Congress held and what was its purpose? The First Continental Congress met on September 5, 1774. Its purpose was to "resist acts of Parliament and defy the king".
What did Conservative delegates to the First Continental Congress - such as Joseph Galloway of Pennsylvania - want to happen where Colonial resistance was concerned? Conservative delegates wanted to slow the pace of resistance. They wanted to stop sending petitions to Parliament and replace them with total boycotts like the one proposed by Samuel Adams. (Pg. 126)
What did radical delegates to the First Continental Congress - such as Samuel Adams, his cousin, John, and Patrick Henry - want to happen where Colonial resistance was concerned? Radical delegates wanted a total boycott on British goods and more. (Pg. 126)
What are two (2) things that the Battles of Lexington and Concord established? 1. That Colonists were passionate enough about resisting British authority that they were willing to fight and die for the cause; 2. The use of guerilla warfare tactics instead of traditional 'head-to-head' battles. (Pg. 128)
List three (3) causes of the Battles of Lexington and Concord. 1. King George III's desire to stop all anti-British resistance; 2. King George III's orders to arrest John Hancock & Samuel Adams; 3. the Patriot's determination to continue to resist the British & safeguard Hancock & Adams. (Pg 128)
What was 'Common Sense'? This was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in January 1776. (Pg. 129)
What was "Common Sense's' message to Colonial readers? The pamphlet "attacked the sanctity of the monarchy head-on". It challenged the idea of a hereditary ruler, questioned the value of monarchy as an institution, and criticized the character of the men who ruled as kings". (Pg. 130)
What was the Olive Branch Petition? A petition drafted by the members of the First Continental Congress. It informed King George III that armed resistance in the Colonies would stop if the king withdrew British troops from the Colonies & revoke the Intolerable Acts. (Pg. 129)
What was the American Prohibitory Act? This Act was encouraged by King George III and enacted by Parliament in 1775. It instructed the royal navy to seize American ships engaged in any form of trade. Essentially, this was the king's declaration of war against the Colonies. (Pg. 129)
What was the Declaration of Independence? This was a document written during the meeting of the Second Continental Congress in 1776 whose purpose was to declare the Colonies' independence from Great Britain. (Pg. 131)
What are the 3 parts of the Declaration of Independence? 1. A statement of the Colonies' intent to separate from Great Britain; 2. A list of grievances against King George III; 3. A statement declaring the Colonies as being free and independent from British rule.
What does the term "insurrection" mean? "An uprising against a legitimate authority or government". (Pg. 133)
What does the term "materialism" mean? "Excessive interest in worldly matters, especially in acquiring goods". (Pg. 118)
What does the term "boycott" mean and what is another word for it? "An organized political protest, used by the colonists to protest British taxation, in which people refuse to buy goods from a nation or group of people whose actions they oppose". (Pg. 116)
What is a "broadside"? "An advertisement, public notice, or other publication printed on one side of a large sheet of paper". (Pg. 112)
What is the difference between a 'direct tax' and an 'external tax'? A direct tax is used to raise money ('revenue') vs. regulating trade. An 'external tax' is used to regulate trade with other nations. (Pg. 112)
What does the term "economic depression" mean? This term refers to a "period of drastic economic decline, marked by decreased business activity, falling prices, and high unemployment". (Pg. 111)
Created by: sticklerpjpII
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