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Genetic unit vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring. |
| Trait | a genetically determined characteristic. |
| Purebred | an animal bred from parents of the same breed or variety. |
| Hybrid | the offspring of two plants or animals of different species or variety |
| Offspring | the product of the reproductive process of an animal. A child |
| Gene | A gene is a locus of DNA |
| Alleles | An allele is a variant form of a gene. |
| Dominant | The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive. |
| Recessive | a trait or gene. |
| Phenotype | the composite of an organism's observable characteristics or traits |
| Genotype | is that part (DNA sequence) of the genetic makeup of a cell |
| Homozygous | When an individual has two of the same allele, whether dominant or recessive |
| Heterozygous | A diploid organism is heterozygous at a gene locus when its cells contain two different alleles of a gene. |
| Codominance | is a relationship between two versions of a gene |
| Meiosis | sister chromatids to form haploid gametes. Male and female gametes fuse during fertilization |
| Haploid cells | A cell that is the result of meiosis and has half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. |
| Diploid cells | A cell that is the result of mitosis and has the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. |
| Mutations | the changing of the structure of a gene |
| Insertion | a thing that is inserted, in particular. |
| Deletion | the loss or absence of a section from a nucleic acid molecule or chromosome. |
| Substitution | the action of replacing someone or something with another person or thing. |
| Sex-linked gene | A gene located on a sex chromosome, usually the X-chromosome. |
| Carrier | a person or thing that carries, holds, or conveys something. |
| Sex chromosome | a chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism, typically one of two kinds. |
| Genetic disorder | An often-inherited medical condition caused by an abnormality in DNA. |
| Pedigree | the record of descent of an animal, showing it to be purebred. |
| Selective breeding | is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding |
| Inbreeding | breed from closely related people or animals, especially over many generations. |
| Hybridization | is the process of combining two complementary single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules |
| Clone | an organism or cell, or group of organisms or cells, produced asexually from one ancestor or stock, to which they are genetically identical. |
| Genetic Engineering | the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material. |
| Gene therapy | the transplantation of normal genes into cells in place of missing or defective ones in order to correct genetic disorders. |
| fertilization | a new organism begins to form when egg and sperm join in the process |
| purebred | is the offspring of many generations that have the same trait |
| gene | the factors that control a trait |
| alleles | the different forms of a gene |
| dominant alleles | is one whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present |
| recessive allele | is hidden whenever the dominant allele present |
| probability | is a number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur |
| punnett square | is a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross |
Created by:
Shazzykid
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