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8th Grade History
Chapter 2 - A Beka Book
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| England had become a(n) ___ ___ just around the time they began to move to America. | Protestant country (where the Bible is freely available to all) |
| Queen Elizabeth 1 (reigned 1558-1603) | Queen of England |
| John Wycliffe | Translated the entire Bible to English and exposed false doctrines of the Roman church |
| William Tyndale | Translated a widely circulated translation of the Bible |
| Henry the eighth | Made the English Reformation official by breaking all ties between England and the Roman church |
| The English people had a strong what heritage? | spiritual |
| Limited representative government | Developed by English rulers and subjects |
| Magna Carta | Signed by the king helped prepare England for limited government |
| 1497 | When John Cabot explored the Atlantic Coast of North and America and claimed it for England |
| Cabot was the first modern European explorer to do what? | Set foot on the mainland of North America |
| Francis Drake | First Englishman to sail around the world |
| Sir Humphrey Gilbert | Tried twice to plant a North American colony |
| Sir Walter Raleigh | Sent an expedition to establish a colony on Roanoke Island but failed |
| John White | Sent By Raleigh to establish Roanoke Island |
| Virginia Dare | First English child to be born in America |
| Croatoan | the word carved on a tree that was the only clue to the Roanokians fate |
| Joint-stock companies | where several businessmen would incest in a single company to support a colonizing venture |
| King James 1 | Granted a charter allowing two joint stock companies to undertake colonization in Virginia |
| The London Company | Was to settle in south virgina |
| Plymouth Company | Was to settle in north virginia |
| Colonist were to enjoy the same rights and liberties as who? | Englishmen abiding in the home country |
| 1607 | When the first fleet of ships sailed into Chaespeake Bay |
| Susan Constant, the Godspeed, and the Discovery | The fleet of ships that went to Jamestown |
| Jamestown | The first permanent English settlement in the New World |
| Why was Jamestown not a great place to settle? | 1. it was malaria infested 2. the river water was contaminated 3. hostile indians 4. the settlers were too lazy to work |
| Communal | To belong to the community |
| Common-store system; socialism | Where everyone worked to feed each other; failed miserably |
| Captain John Smith | saved the colony by making the rule "he who would not work should not eat" |
| "Starving time" | The time period when the Pilgrims were starving |
| John Rolfe | introduced Virginia to tobacco |
| Pocahontas | an indian princess married to Rolfe |
| Indentured servant | one who passed an agreement to work for free as a servant for several years in repay for his owner buying his passage to America |
| Free enterprise, or capitalism | Where each man cared for his own |
| 1619 | When the first women came to jametown |
| First Africans in Virginia were purchased as indentured servants, but eventually what happened? | They became slaves |
| Precedents | Happenings that serve as examples to be followed in the future |
| Burgesses | Delgates |
| House of Burgesses | a representative assembly in Jamestown |
| Dissenters | Those who did not conform to the Church of England |
| Puritans | wished to purify the Catholic Church |
| Separatists | Wanted to withdraw completely from the official church and form their own independent churches |
| Scrooby England | The village where the Separatists went to escape persecution |
| John Robinson | The Separatist pastor |
| Leyden | Where the separatists lived for eleven years |
| Why did the separatists want to go to the new world? | for their children's physical and spiritual health |
| Pilgrims | the passenters of the Mayflower that came to America |
| 1620 | When the Pilgrims boarded the Mayflower |
| Where did the Pilgrims leave from? | Plymouth, England |
| Strangers | the non-separatists on the Mayflower |
| Where did the the Mayflower first land? | The far north of Virginia, New England |
| Cape Cod | Where they settled |
| Mayflower Compact | A document all the Pilgrims signed that served as a temporary charter for a form of civil goernment |
| 1620 | When the pilgrims arrived at Plymouth |
| Plymouth rock | the pilgrims supposedly used this as a stepping stone |
| Samoset | the kind Indian who greeted the Indians |
| Squanto | Taught the Indians how to hunt and fish and plant |
| Massasoit | chief of Wampanoag |
| Miles Standish | Headed Plymouth's military defense force |
| John Alden | Rose to high political office |
| William Brewster | Elder who served as Plymouth pastor |
| John Carber | First governor |
| William Bradford | Second governor; held the office of governor for over 30 years |
| History of Plymouth Plantation | Considered the first American history book |
| Council for New England | the legal controllers of the territory in which the Pilgrims had settled |
| Communal system lacked what? | the discouragement of diligence and efficiency |
| What made Plymouth successful? | Faith in God a strong belief in Protestant work and free enterprise |
| The pilgrims gave America an early example of republican ___-___. | self-government |
| Freemen | The signers of the Mayflower Compact |
| General Court | a body used to pass laws and conduct business of the colony |
| 1. the Pilgrims were dominated by Scriptural concepts 2.The pilgrims had great respect for the law and for their leaders | The reasons the pilgrims were able to successfully exercise representative self-government |
| The Pilgrims sat an example also for ___ liberty | religious |
| The Pilgrim people were free to attend the churches ___ ___ ___. | of their choice |
| Congregational Church | Founded by the pilgrims |
| Royal Colony | A colony owned by the king and administered by his royal governor |
| You did great! Would you like a cookie? | I just can't believe you did it! |
Created by:
nelsonclan
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