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Social Studies 2015

TermDefinition
anthropology the study of humankind
civilization the stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced
cultural diffusion the spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another
technology the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes
religion the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power
archelogy the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains
cuneiform denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia
theocracy a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god
river valley civilization an ancient civilization that flourished in the Indus River valley, from about 2500 to 1500 b.c.
Bible the Christian scriptures, consisting of the 66 books of the Old and New Testaments
10 Commandments the commandments engraved on stone tablets and given to Moses by God on Mount Sinai. These commandments are the heart of the divine law in the Old Testament.
Christainity the religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices
Jesus the son of God, a person who was both God and man, the Messiah sent by God to save the human race from the sin it inherited through the Fall of Man.
Judaism the monotheistic religion of the Jews
Torah the law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures
Gospels the teaching or revelation of Christ
Messiah the promised deliverer of the Jewish nation prophesied in the Hebrew Bible
Moses a prophet in Abrahamic religions. According to the Hebrew Bible, he was a former Egyptian prince who later in life became a religious leader and lawgiver
Holy Trinity the Christian Godhead as one God in three persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit
Ressurection the action or fact of resurrecting or being resurrected
missionary a person sent on a religious mission, especially one sent to promote Christianity in a foreign country
Rabbi a Jewish scholar or teacher, especially one who studies or teaches Jewish law
Hinduism a major religious and cultural tradition of South Asia, developed from Vedic religion
Caste System is a class structure that is determined by birth
Samsara the cycle of death and rebirth to which life in the material world is bound
Moksha is release from the cycle of rebirth impelled by the law of karma
Brahman a member of the highest Hindu caste, that of the priesthood
Monotheism the doctrine or belief that there is only one God
Polytheism the belief in or worship of more than one god
Nontheism a range of both religious and nonreligious attitudes characterized by the absence of espoused belief in a personal god or gods
dharma the principle of cosmic order/the teaching or religion of the Buddha
nirvana a transcendent state in which there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self, and the subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth. It represents the final goal of Buddhism
Buddha any of a series of teachers in Buddhism, of whom Gautama was the last, who bring enlightenment and wisdom
Hindu a follower of Hinduism
Vedas the most ancient Hindu scriptures
reincarnation the rebirth of a soul in a new body
karma the sum of a person's actions in this and previous states of existence, viewed as deciding their fate in future existences
Eight-fold Path the path to nirvana
Buddhism is a path of practice and spiritual development leading to Insight into the true nature of reality
4 Noble Truths the four main beliefs in the Buddhism religion
Enlightenment the action of enlightening or the state of being enlightened
Siddhartha Guatama was the leader and founder of a sect of wanderer ascetics (also known as Buddha)
Created by: aransberger986
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