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BC: Nucleotides
Biochemistry, Medicine, Phase 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nucleic acids | polymers of nucleotides; includes both DNA and RNA |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | storage of genetic information |
| Ribonucleic acid (RNA) | conversion of genetic information into proteins |
| Nucleotides | pentose sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base |
| Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine (AGCT) | nitrogenous bases that make up DNA |
| Adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil (AGCU) | nitrogenous bases that make up RNA |
| ribosome, deoxyribose | two types of pentose sugars involved with genetics |
| Backbone of DNA | made up of alternative sugar and phosphate molecules |
| Complementary strand | what every strand of DNA has |
| Hydrogen bonds | bonds formed between nitrogenous bases |
| Helical | structure of DNA |
| mRNA, rRNA, tRNA | types of RNA |
| mRNA | messenger RNA; copy of gene, template for protein synthesis |
| rRNA | ribosomal RNA; structural component of the ribosome (protein synthesis machinery) |
| tRNA | transport RNA; transport molecule for amino acids, ensure sequene of proteins encoded in mRNA is decoded |
| transcription | mRNA synthesis |
| translation | synthesis of protein based on encoded information on mRNA |
| RNA vs. DNA | RNA is smaller and single strand |
| Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) | major energy molecule in cell; bonds between phosphates are high-energy when proken |
| ATP equation | ADP + energy |
| Creating ATP | ADP + phosphate + energy |
Created by:
emmaallde