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8th Chap 2 Explorers
Chapter 2 Exploring the Americas
Question | Answer |
---|---|
An instrument that measures the position of the stars | astrolabe |
Invented by the Chinese and then passed on to the Europeans by the Arabs in the 1200s | magnetic compass |
A three-masted ship developed by the Portuguese in the late 1400s | caravel |
Economic theory that a nation's power was based on its wealth | mercantilism |
Early Spanish explorers in the Americas | conquistadors |
Landed in Mexico in 1519, completed conquest of Aztec in 1521 | Hernan Cortes |
Discovered strait around southern tip of South America in 1520; some of crew completed first circumnavigation of globe | Ferdinand Magellan |
Landed in Florida in 1513 hoping to find the legendary "fountain of youth" | Juan Ponce de Leon |
Discovered and sailed up the Hudson River in 1609 | Henry Hudson |
Captured the Inca ruler, Atahualpa, in 1532, and gained control of most of the Inca Empire within a few years | Francisco Pizarro |
Brought astronomers, geographers, and mathematicians to share their knowledge with Portuguese sailors and shipbuilders | Henry the Navigator |
Led three-year expedition through southeastern United States; crossed the Mississippi River in 1541 | Hernando de Soto |
Sailed around Africa and across the Indian Ocean, reaching India in 1498 | Vasco da Gama |
Rediscovered Newfoundland for England | John Cabot |
Sailed around southern tip of Africa (Cape of Good Hope) in 1487 | Bartholomeu Dias |
Led expedition through northern Mexico, Arizona, and New Mexico hoping to find the legendary "Seven Cities of Cibola" | Francisco Vasquez de Coronado |
Reached the Bahamas in 1492; went ashore on a small island, named it San Salvador | Christopher Columbus |
Crossed the mountains in Panama in 1513 and discovered the Pacific Ocean | Vasco Nunez de Balboa |
Explored coast of North America from present-day Novia Scotia to the Carolinas in 1524 | Giovanni da Verrazano |