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9th Grade SS
SS unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Old Stone Age | a prehistoric era; first stone tools |
| Homosapiens | the biological species to which modern human beings belong |
| Hunter Gatherers | nomadic group; food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods |
| Agricultural Revolution | the domestication of crops and animals as a food source; Community grown food by human groups in the Neolithic period (approximately 10,000 to 8,000 BC |
| nomadic | wandering from place to place search of food or water |
| archaeology | the scientific study material remains and of past human life and activities |
| anthropology | a science that tries to recreate a picture of early peoples cultural behavior - customs, family life, and social relationships |
| plate techtonics | the crust of the earth is composed crustal plates moving on the molten material below |
| Great Rift Valley | extends 4000 miles from the Middle East to Mozambique in East Africa formed by plate tectonics |
| cultural diffusion | the spread if ideas or products from one culture to another |
| ethnocentrism | the belief that your own cultural values and customs are superior to all others |
| Fertile Crescent | an arc of rich farmland in Southwest Asia, between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea |
| Sumer | an area in the southern region of Babylonia in present day Iraq; site of the Sumerian civilization of city-states that flowered during the third millennium BC |
| Cuneiform | a system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols, invented by the Sumerians around 3,000 B.C. |
| Code of Hammurabi | 282 laws regulated economic, social, and moral affairs in Babylon about 1700 BC |
| ziggurat | a tiered, pyramid- shaped structure that formed part of a Sumerian temple |
| tigris and euphrates river | two rivers located in Mesopatamia -land between 2 rivers |
| polytheism | a belief in many gods |
| monotheism | a belief in a single god |
| nile river | longest river up to 4,000 miles long |
| pharaoh | a king in ancient Egypt, considered as a god as well as a political and military leader |
| hieroglyphs | an ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds |
| Narmer Palette | A significant Egyptian archaeological find found around the 31st century BC earliest hieroglyphic inscriptions ever found |
| Rosetta Stone | Discovered in 1799 by a French soldier along the bank of the Rosetta branch of the Nile, used to translate the Egyptian hieroglyphs. |
| Harappa | A city located in the Indus Valley civilization |
| Mohenjo-Daro | A city located in the Indus Valley civilization |
| Great Bath | Architectural structure located at Mohenjo-Daro of the Indus Valley civilization |
| Aryans | An Indo-European people who, about 1500 B.C. began to migrate into the Indian Subcontinent |
| delta | A marshy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river |
| Yellow River (Huang He) | A river that runs through northern China, "River of Sorrow" because of frequent flooding |
| dynastic cycle | The historical pattern of the rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties in China. |
| bronze ritual vessels | Chinese Shang and Zhou dynasty bronze artifacts by archaeologist; used for religious rituals. |
| Mandate of Heaven | In Chinese history, the divine approval thought to be the basis of royal authority |
| oracle bones | In ancient China pieces of bone or turtle shell used by Shang priests to tell the future. They would write a question addressed to either one of the gods, or an ancestor on the bone, then heat it until it cracked |
| ancestor worship | Worship of the dead based on the belief that the deceased, often family members, have a continued existence and/or possess the ability to influence the fortune of the living; practiced in China |
| Hammurabi | Babylonian king who codified the laws of Sumer and Mesopotamia (died 1750 B.C.) Famous for first written law |
| Hammurabi's Code | First written law of the Sumerians placed in center of city for all to see; eye for an eye ideology |
Created by:
pieronek
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