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What were the principal questions facing the nation at the end of the Civil War?
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What was destroyed during the Civil War?
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History 1302 Exam 1
Chapters 15-19
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the principal questions facing the nation at the end of the Civil War? | How would the South's infrastructure be rebuilt? How would all of these Civil War veterans be cared for? |
| What was destroyed during the Civil War? | Everything- infrastructures, cities, seaports, roads, lands, railroads, and town halls |
| What percent of men were killed in the war? | 25% |
| What did the Freedmen's Bureau accomplish? When did it occur? | Gave congressional support providing food, clothing and education for freed slaves, but did not grant them rights as landowners. Occurred in 1865 |
| In what year did Lincoln announce his Reconstruction plans? | 1863 |
| Who succeeded Lincoln after his death? | Andrew Johnson 1865-1869 |
| What were the successions of the Reconstruction? | Reunited the Union after 4 years, expanded the North and South's economy and helped the poor. |
| Failures of Reconstruction? | Failed to resolve the issue of race, and political issues between the North and South |
| What were the black codes? | Restricted blacks and former slaves from owning land; replicated slavery. |
| What did the 14th amendment do? When did this occur? | African Americans were citizens and state could deny life, liberty or property. Occurred in 1868 |
| Why was Johnson impeached? | He violated the Tenure of Office Act |
| The 3 principal industries in the New South after the war were? | Cotton, Iron and Tobacco |
| By 1880 how many miles of railroad tracks were built? | 20,000 |
| How much of the crop did sharecroppers receiver? | About half |
| What's the difference between sharecroppers and tenants? | Sharecroppers never made enough to get ahead and had to take care of maintenance of land/equipment. Tenants had their own equipment and draft animals and received a larger portion of the crops. |
| What were the negative effects of sharecropping? | Exhausted soil, no care for the land, overuse of fertilizer |
| How many cotton mills were there in the south by 1880? | 160 |
| What were the white men's jobs vs. the black men's jobs? | White men worked with machinery and black men were boilerstokers and yard men. Blacks were back up for strikers |
| By the end of 19th century the South was one of the most important sources for what in the world? | Coal |
| Ulysses S. Grant treated his presidency as a? | Military leader |
| Grant was involved in many scandals due to his? | Poor judgement of character |
| What was the Panic of 1873? | Economic depression during Grant's second term and led to the retirement of greenbacks and further undermined support of Reconstruction from the North. America's productivity fell 24% |
| Grant used the military to protect black voters from who? | Ku Klux Klan |
| Grant was a proponent of the ____ (right to vote) and protected rights more than any other 19th century President. | 15th Amendment |
| What was the Compromise of 1877? | An attempt after civil war for no outbreak of violence. Hayes, the new President, would withdraw the last federal troops from South if the Democrats would abandon the filibuster. |
| What was the main difference between the new south and the old south? | Large expansion of industry in the new south |
| What were the Jim Crow laws that took place during the 1890s? | Required separate transportation, courtrooms, libraries, bathrooms, schools. Limited black voting due to poll taxes and literacy tests. |
| _____ tested the Jim Crow laws and created "separate but equal? racial facilities? | Plessy vs. Ferguson |
| What was the Atlanta Compromise in 1895? | Booker T Washington believed blacks should attend school and learn about agriculture or trade |
| Who were the Radical Republicans? | Faction of the Republican Party who believed that the Civil War was meant to stop slavery and emancipate all slaves |
| Who is Thaddeus Stevens? | Leader of the Radical Republicans who was devoted to punitive Reconstruction effort. |
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