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Unit 1 Vocabulary
Chapters 1, 2, and 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sunbelt | group of southern states that stretches from the east coast all the way to California |
| Regions | areas that are similar in terms of landscape, climate, elevation, and pant and animal life |
| Coastal Plain | southernmost region in Georgia |
| Fall Line | elevations rise suddenly from lower to higher land |
| Piedmont | rolling, hilly plateau that stretches north from the fall line to the base of the Blue Ridge Mountains |
| Appalachian Mountains | larger mountain range that stretches north foward from Central Alabama to Canada |
| Blue Ridge Mountains | forms the easternmost range of the Appalachian Mountains |
| Valley and Ridge | west of Blue Ridge Mountains |
| Appalachian Plateau | northwest corner of Georgia |
| Archaeologist | scientists who study the past based on what ancient people |
| Artifacts | objects that were made, modified, or used by humans |
| Pre-historic | periods from the time written before history |
| Culture | way of life shared by people with similar arts, beliefs, and customs |
| Paleo-Indians | first people to live in GA area |
| Archaic Period | period of GA's history that began after end of last Ice Age |
| Woodland Period | period in GA's history that lasted from around 1000 BC to about A.D. 900 |
| Agriculture | farming( began in the Woodland Period) |
| Renaissance | lasted from 1300s to 1600 and was a time of increased interest in art and learning |
| Conquistadors | 16th century Spanish soldiers who followed Columbus to the Americas |
| Gulf Stream | powerful ocean current that flows from the Gulf of Mexico north along the eastern coast of North America before turning east toward Europe |
| Merchantilism | the government controls trade an attempts to transfer wealth from the colonies to the parent country |
| Joint-Stock Company | people who put money into a project to earn profits |
| Charter | written contract, issued by a government, giving the holder the right to establish a colony |
| Monopoly | complete control over the entire supply of goods or a service in a particular market |
| Mississippian | period following the Woodland period from about 900 to 1600 during which European explorers arrived |
| Anthropologist | person who studies human beings' similarities to and divergence from other animals |
| Antiquities | something belonging to or remaining from ancient times, as monuments, relics, or customs |
| Horticulture | the cultivation of a garden, orchard, or nursery; the cultivation of flowers, fruits, vegetables, or ornamental plant |
| Clovis Points | bifacial, fluted stone projectile point used in big-game hunting. |
| Mounds | used as temple sites, stages for ceremonial events, and as cemeteries for chiefs and nobles |
| Palisade | strong, wooden wall built for defense around a settlement |
| Wooly Mammoth | large elephantlike mammal of the extinct genus Mammuthus, from the Pleistocene Epoch, having hairy skin and ridged molar teeth |
| Barter economy | an economy that lacks a commonly accepted currency, so all exchanges must be made with goods and services because money does not exist in these economies. |
| Maize | another word for corn |
| Bow and Arrow | weapon used to hunt or catch game or animals |
| Projectile Points | any stone, bone, or wooden tip attached to a weapon such as an arrow, dart, lance, or spear |
| Colonization | a large-scale migration of any one or more groups of people to a colonial area; to establish a colony in; settle |
| Spanish missions | Denoting a style of architecture characteristic of the Catholic missions in Spanish America |
| Barrier Islands | A long, narrow sand island that is parallel to the mainland and serves to protect the coast from erosion. Barrier islands typically have dunes along the exposed outer side, zones of vegetation in the interior, and swampy areas along the inner lagoon. |
| Influence | the action or process of producing effects on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc., of another or others |
| Smallpox | an acute, highly contagious, febrile disease, caused by the variola virus, and characterized by a pustular eruption that often leaves permanent pits or scars: eradicated worldwide by vaccination programs. |
| Catholicism | the faith, system, and practice of the Catholic Church, especially the Roman Catholic Church. |
| New World | one of the names used for the Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas |
| Shale | a rock of fissile or laminated structure formed by the consolidation of clay or argillaceous material. |
| Tribe | a social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader: |
| Clan | extended family |
| Sherds | is commonly a historic or prehistoric fragment of pottery, although the term is occasionally used to refer to fragments of stone and glass vessels as well. |
| Nomads | a member of a people or tribe that has no permanent abode but moves about from place to place, usually seasonally and often following a traditional route or circuit according to the state of the pasturage or food supply. |
| Effigy | a representation or image, especially sculptured, as on a monument |
| Atlatl | tool used to hurl a spear with great force |
| Chiefdom | the territory or people over which a chief rules |
| Beringia | a vast area between the Kolyma River in the Russian Far East to the Mackenzie River in the Northwest Territories of Canada |
| Middens | a dunghill or refuse heap. |
| Moat | a deep, wide trench, usually filled with water, surrounding the rampart of a fortified place, as a town or a castle |
| Podium | small platform for the conductor of an orchestra, for a public speaker, etc. |
| Mastodon | a massive, elephantlike mammal of the genus Mammut (Mastodon), that flourished worldwide from the Miocene through the Pleistocene epochs and, in North America, into recent times, having long, curved upper tusks and, in the male, short lower tusks. |
| Pottery | ceramic ware, especially earthenware and stoneware |
| Oral Tradition | a community's cultural and historical traditions passed down by word of mouth or example from one generation to another without written instruction. |
| Wattle and daub | a form of wall construction consisting of upright posts or stakes interwoven with twigs or tree branches and plastered with a mixture of clay and straw. |
| Mound Builders | the various American Indian tribes who, in prehistoric and early historic times, erected the burial mounds and other earthworks of the Mississippi drainage basin and southeastern U.S. |
| Expeditions | an excursion, journey, or voyage made for some specific purpose, as of war or exploration. |
| Guale-Sea Island | |
| Fur trade | worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur |
| Monarchy | a state or nation in which the supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in a monarch. |
| Protestant | a member or follower of any of the Western Christian churches that are separate from the Roman Catholic Church and follow the principles of the Reformation, including the Baptist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran churches. |
| Relative location= | a point gor place in relation to another point or place |
| Absolute location | A point on the earth's surface expressed by a coordinate system such as latitude and longitude. |
| Hemisphere | half of the terrestrial globe or celestial sphere, especially one of the halves into which the earth is divided. |
| Equator | an imaginary line drawn around the earth equally distant from both poles, dividing the earth into northern and southern hemispheres and constituting the parallel of latitude 0°. |
| Parallels | each of the imaginary parallel circles of constant latitude on the earth's surface. |
| Prime Meridian | is a meridian (a line of longitude) in a geographical coordinate system at which longitude is defined to be 0° |
| Meridians | meridian is any great circle line on the Earth's surface, passing through the North Pole and the South Pole. |
| Latitude | latitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the north-south position of a point on the Earth's surface |
| Longitude | a geographic coordinate that specifies the east-west position of a point on the Earth's surface |
| Compass Rose | is a figure on a compass, map, nautical chart, or monument used to display the orientation of the cardinal directions—North, East, South, and West—and their intermediate points. |
| Scale | white deposit formed in a kettle, boiler, etc., by the evaporation of water containing lime. |
| Goods | object that people want and can touch and hold |
| Services | action that someone does for somebody else |
| Imports | good or service brought into one country into another |
| Exports | sending goods or services to another country for sale |
| Weather | the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, and ect. |
| Climate | the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period of time |
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