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The Federalists
VUS.5e;VUS.6a
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who was President Washington's first Secretary of State? | Thomas Jefferson |
| Who was President Washington's first Secretary of the Treasury? | Alexander Hamilton |
| What political party did Thomas Jefferson organize? | Democratic-Republican Party |
| What political party did Alexander Hamilton organize? | Federalist Party |
| What is strict construction of the Constitution? | An interpretation of the Constitution believing that the powers of the federal government are strictly defined; Congress only has those powers that the Constitution specifically mentions |
| What is loose construction of the Constitution? | An interpretation of the Constitution believing that the federal government has broad powers |
| Did Jefferson believe in strict of loose construction of the Constitution? | Strict construction |
| Did Hamilton believe in strict of loose construction of the Constitution> | Loose construction |
| What clause of the Constitution allows Congress "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper" to carry out those powers that are listed in the Constitution? | Elastic clause |
| Who led the Democratic-Republican Party? | 1) Thomas Jefferson 2) James Madison |
| What were 6 beliefs of the Democratic-Republican Party? | 1) Strict construction of the Constitution 2) A weak national government 3) Strong state governments 4) Economy based on agriculture 5) Pro-French foreign policy 6) Against the Jay Treaty |
| What groups supported the Democratic-Republican Party? | 1) Farmers 2) Artisans (skilled craftsmen) 3) Frontier settlers |
| What were 5 beliefs of the Federalist Party? | 1) Loose construction of the Constitution 2) Strong national government 3) National bank 4) Commercial economy (based on manufacturing and trade) 5) Pro-British foreign policy 6) For the Jay Treaty |
| What groups supported the Federalist Party? | 1) Bankers 2) Businessmen |
| In what part of the country was the Federalist Party strongest? | Northeast |
| What treaty aimed at settling commercial and boundary disputes between the United States and Great Britain? | Jay Treaty |
| What political party supported the Jay Treaty? | Federalists |
| What was the most important provision (part) of the Jay Treaty? | Great Britain agreed to leave its forts in the Ohio Valley and retreat to the boundary line set by the treaty that ended the Revolutionary War |
| What was President Adams' policy towards France? | Undeclared naval war against France |
| What were 3 results of Adams' policy towards France? | 1) Maintained peace with France 2) Preserved the honor of the U.S. 3) Made Adams less popular among members of his own Federalist Party, who wanted the U.S. to declare war against France |
| Who was the most important Chief Justice of the Supreme Court during the early years of the United States? | John Marshall |
| What political party was John Marshall? | Federalists |
| How did the Supreme Court decisions under John Marshall strengthen the federal courts? | Made the federal courts an independent and equal branch of the United States government |
| What is judicial review? | Power of the courts to declare a law unconstitutional |
| What is a precedent? | An example for future action |
| What were three important decisions by the Supreme Court under Chief Justice John Marshall? | 1) Marbury v. Madison 2) McCulloch v. Maryland 3) Gibbons v. Ogden |
| How did the Supreme Court rule in the case of Marbury v. Madison? | Declared a federal law unconstitutional |
| What precedent did Marbury v. Madison set? | Judicial Review |
| Why is judicial review so important to the Supreme Court? | Gives the Supreme Court its main check on the power of Congress |
| What doctrine did the Supreme Court set forth in its McCulloch v. Maryland decision? | Doctrine of implied powers |
| What 2 legal questions were involved in the McCulloch case? | 1) Did Congress have the authority to establish the Bank of the United States? 2) Did the Maryland law taxing the BUS unconstitutionally interfere with congressional powers? |
| What 2 points did the Supreme Court make in McCulloch v. Maryland? | 1) Congress had the power to create the BUS 2) Maryland could not tax agencies of the national government, which carried out constitutional powers |
| What did Chief Justice Marshall say about implied powers in the McCulloch Decision? | Congress possessed implied powers that the Constitution did not specifically mention. |
| What laws did Chief Justice Marshall declare to be supreme in the McCulloch Decision? | 1) The Constitution and federal laws 2) Federal laws override state constitutions and state laws |
| How did the Marshall Court rule on the Maryland state laws that taxed the Baltimore branch of the Bank of the United States? | The Maryland state law that taxed the BUS was unconstitutional |
| What did the case of Gibbons v. Ogden involve? | The state of New York's regulations for steamboats, which did business between New York and another state New Jersey |
| How did the Supreme Court rule in the case of Gibbons v. Ogden? | That the federal government had complete control over interstate commerce |
| What is interstate commerce? | Trade between states |
| What doctrine did the Marshall Court use to settle disagreements between different branches of the national government? | The doctrine of judicial review in Marbury v. Madison |
| What doctrine did the Marshall Court use to settle disagreements between the federal government and the states? | The doctrine of implied powers in McCulloch v. Maryland |
| In what case did the Marshall Court provide the foundation block for the Supreme Court to settle disagreements between competing business interests? | Gibbons v. Ogden |
| What Supreme Court decision set forth a broadly national view of economic interests? | Gibbons v. Ogden |
| What Supreme Court decision set forth a broadly national view of economic affairs? | Gibbons v. Ogden |
Created by:
wzuger
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