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Histology
LCCW Summer 2015
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Epithelium | tissue composed of sheets of tightly bound cells that cover body surfaces, lines it's cavities and tubules, forms glands. |
| Function of Epithelium? | protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, and sensory reception |
| What 2 Stains are mostly used in histology? | (1) Hematoxylin - a BASIC dye that stains the acidic cell components (purple colored). (2) Eosin - an ACIDIC dye that stains the basic cell components (red-pink colored). |
| Define Endothelium: | the layer of simple squamous epithelium that lines the cavities of the heart, vessels of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems |
| Define Mesothelium: | the layer of simple squamous epithelium that covers and lines cavities |
| Define Glandular Epithelium: | Highly specialized epithelial cells that secrete substances into ducts, onto a surface, or into the blood |
| Define Merocrine Glands: | The cell releases contents of secretory vesicles into lumen of duct (salivary glands, sweat glands, and pancreatic acinar glands) |
| Define Apocrine glands: | the secretory products gather at the apical surface of the cell and are pinched off, along with some of the cytoplasm (mammary gland) |
| Define Holocrine Glands: | the entire cell, along with its accumulated secretions, make up the secretory product |
| What are the 8 types of Epithelium? | Simple Squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, pseudostratified columnar, stratified squamous, stratified cuboidal, stratified columnar, transitional. |
| Location and function of SIMPLE SQUAMOUS? | Location: Air sacs of the lungs, kidney glomeruli, lining of the hear, blood vessels and lymphatic vessles. Function: allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protetion is not important |
| Location and Function of SIMPLE CUBOIDAL? | Location: kidney tubules, ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface. Function: secretion and absorption. |
| Location and Function of SIMPLE COLUMNAR? | Location:(non-ciliated) lines most of the digestive tract - stomach and anal canal, gallbladder, and excretory ducts of some glands;(cilliated) lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus.Function: Absorption, secretion of mucus etc |
| Location and Function of PSUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR? | Location: non-ciliated type in ducts of large glands, parts of male urethra; cilliated type lines the trachea, most of the upper resp. tract. Fuction: secretion, particularly of mucuss; propulsion of mucus by ciliary action |
| Location and Function of STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS? | Location: non-keratinized type forms the moist linings of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina. Keratinized variety forms the epidermins of the skin. Function: Protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion |
| Location and Function of STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL? | Location: largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands. Function: protection. |
| Location and Function of STRATIFIED COLUMNAR? | Location: rare in the body. small amounts in the male urethra and large ducts of some glands. Function: Protection, secretion |
| Location and Function of TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM? | Location: Lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra. Function: stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine. |
| What are the 4 types of Tissues? | Epithilial, Connective, Muscle and Nervous |
| Define ORGANS: | a grouping of tissues specialized to perform a specific function (i.e. stomach) |
| Define SYSTEMS: | grouping of organs specialized to perform a specific function (i.e. digestive system, cardiovascular system) |
| Define APOPTOSIS: | cell death/suicide; activated by NKC’s (natural Killer Cells) |
| A brainstem stroke could result from a clot where? | In the vertebral artery. |
| A burn which damages the epidermis only would be classified as what? | a first degree burn. |
| A clot which originates in the great saphenous vein will lodge where? | In the lungs. |
| A disease which can cause peripheral vascular insufficiency is called what? | diabetes. |
| A potentially fatal condition which results from ischemic damage to the ____________ is known as ventricular fibrillation. | Myocardium |
| A thrombus (blood clot) in the first branch of the arch of the aorta would affect the flow of blood to the___________ of the head and neck and right upper arm. | right side |
| A thrombus (blood clot) in the third branch from the arch of the aorta would affect the flow of blood to the _____ shoulder and arm. | left |
| A thrombus (clot) which forms in the anterior tibial vein would lodge in the lungs if it broke free and became an/a what? | embolus. |
| All of the following structures are supplied by branches of the vertebral arteries except what? The vertebral arteries- brainstem, inner ear, cerebellum, the anterior cerebrum, OR the posterior cerebrum | the anterior cerebrum. |
| All of the following would decrease the tendency for vericose veins except: Support stockings, walking, standing on hard surfaces, elevating legs | standing on hard surfaces. |
| Arrector pili muscles are associated with what? | each sebaceous gland |
| Arteries supplying the same territory often merge with one another forming what? | arterial anastomostes |
| As it passes through the adductor canal/hiatus, the femoral artery becomes what? | The popliteal artery |
| Blistering is characteristic of what? | a second degree burn. |
| Blood in the superior mesenteric vein next enters the ___________ ______________ ____________. | hepatic portal vein. |
| Blood which leaves the stomach tissues by way of the gastric veins next flows into the _________ ____________ ________ | hepatic portal vein. |
| Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the _________ _________. | left atrium. |
| Contractions of the gastrointestinal tract which mix and churn the contents are known as what? | segmentations or tonic contractions. |
Created by:
walkingbyfaith09
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